AUTHOR=Liu Bo , Meng Shan , Cheng Jie , Zeng Yan , Zhou Daiquan , Deng Xiaojuan , Kuang Lianqin , Wu Xiaojia , Tang Lin , Wang Haolin , Liu Huan , Liu Chen , Li Chuanming 

TITLE=Diagnosis of Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment With No Dementia Using Radiomics of Cerebral Cortex and Subcortical Nuclei in High-Resolution T1-Weighted MR Imaging

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.852726

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2022.852726

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=Purpose: To investigate whether the combination of radiomics derived from brain high resolution T1-weighted imaging and automatic machine learning could diagnose subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment with no dementia (SIVCIND) accurately. 
Methods: A total of 116 right-handed participants involving 40 SIVCIND patients and 76 gender-, age-, educational experience - matched normal controls (NM) were recruited. 7106 quantitative features from bilateral thalamus, hippocampus, globus pallidus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, putamen, caudate nucleus and 148 areas of cerebral cortex were automatically calculated from each subject. Six methods including least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were utilized to lessen the redundancy of features. Three supervised machine learning approaches of logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) employing 5-fold cross validation were used to train and establish diagnosis models, and 10 times 10-fold cross validation were used to evaluate the generalization performance of each model. Correlation analysis was performed between the optimal features and the neuropsychological scores of the SIVCIND patients.
Results: Thirteen features from the right amygdala, right hippocampus, left caudate nucleus, left putamen, left thalamus and bilateral nucleus accumbens were included in the optimal subset. Among all the three models, the random forest (RF) produced the highest diagnostic performance with an AUC of 0.990 and accuracy of 0.948. According to the correlation analysis, the radiomics features of the right amygdala, left caudate nucleus, left putamen and left thalamus were found significantly correlated with the neuropsychological scores of the SIVCIND patients.
Conclusions: The combination of radiomics derived from brain high resolution T1-weighted imaging and machine learning could diagnose SIVCIND accurately and automatically. The optimal radiomics features mostly located in the right amygdala, left caudate nucleus, left putamen and left thalamus, which might be new biomarkers of SIVCIND.