AUTHOR=Ramesh Saravanan , Selvakumar Preethi , Ameer Mohamed Yazeer , Lian Sen , Abdullah Alzarooni Abdulqadir Ismail M. , Ojha Shreesh , Mishra Anshuman , Tiwari Ashutosh , Kaushik Ajeet , Jung Young Do , Chouaib Salem , Lakshmanan Vinoth-Kumar 

TITLE=State-of-the-art therapeutic strategies for targeting cancer stem cells in prostate cancer

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2023.1059441

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2023.1059441

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=Newer therapeutic strategies on rise for Prostate Cancer stem cells due to current standardized therapies for prostate cancer including chemotherapy, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), radiotherapy and surgery are often failed because of tumor relapse ability. Ultimately, tumor relapse develops advanced castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which becomes irreversible and systemic disease. Hence, early identification of intra cellular components and molecular networks that promote prostate cancer is crucial for disease management and therapeutic intervention. One of the potential therapeutic ways for aggressive prostate cancer is to target prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs), which appear to be a primary mechanism of cancer metastasis and recurrence and are resistant to standardized therapies. Besides, PCSCs have been documented to play a major role in regulating tumorigenesis, sphere formation, and metastasis ability of prostate cancer with their stemness features. Therefore, the current review highlights the origin and identification of PCSCs and their role in antiandrogen resistance as well as stemness related signaling pathways. Besides, the review also focused on the current advanced therapeutic strategies for targeting the PCSCs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), nanotechnology, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/ CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9) system, and photothermal ablation (PTA) therapy and thus help to attenuate prostate cancer initiation and progression.