AUTHOR=Kawasaki Tomonori , Tashima Tomoaki , Onohara Kojiro , Hirano Yasumitsu , Yamato Misuzu , Shirotake Suguru , Torigoe Tomoaki , Yazawa Yasuo , Hirasaki Masataka , Wako Masanori , Fujimaki Taro , Ichikawa Jiro 

TITLE=Case report: a rare clinical presentation of a difficult diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma showing leiomyosarcoma phenotype in the ileocecal region

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 14 - 2024

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2024.1425809

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2024.1425809

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=Dedifferentiated liposarcoma is a malignant lipomatous tumor that rarely occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, including the ileocecal region. In this case, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed no fatty mass located in the mesenteric or submucosal lesion, and positron emission tomography–computed tomography showed a high maximum standardized uptake value, collectively indicating the gastrointestinal stroma tumor and lymphoma. The pathological findings resemble leiomyosarcoma; the immunohistochemistry findings including mouse double minute 2 homolog and cyclin D-dependent kinase-4 and amplification of mouse double minute 2 homolog in fluorescence in situ hybridization just favored the diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma with leiomyosarcoma phenotype and not leiomyosarcoma. Recently, a new inhibitor for mouse double minute 2 homolog and cyclin D-dependent kinase-4 has been developed, and clinical trials for dedifferentiated liposarcoma are currently ongoing. This could change the treatment strategy drastically compared with other soft tissue sarcomas. Hence, a correct diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma is required.