AUTHOR=Sun Jing-Xi , Zhou Xuan-Xuan , Yu Yan-Jin , Wei Ya-Ming , Shi Yi-Bing , Xu Qing-Song , Chen Shuang-Shuang 

TITLE=CT radiomics based model for differentiating malignant and benign small (≤20mm) solid pulmonary nodules

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 15 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1502932

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2025.1502932

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=BackgroundCurrently, the computed tomography (CT) radiomics-based models, which can evaluate small (≤ 20 mm) solid pulmonary nodules (SPNs) are lacking. This study aimed to develop a CT radiomics-based model that can differentiate between benign and malignant small SPNs.MethodsThis study included patients with small SPNs between January 2019 and November 2021. The participants were then randomly categorized into training and testing cohorts with an 8:2 ratio. CT images of all the patients were analyzed to extract radiomics features. Furthermore, a radiomics scoring model was developed based on the features selected in the training group via univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The testing cohort was then used to validate the developed predictive model.ResultsThis study included 210 patients, 168 in the training and 42 in the testing cohorts. Radiomics scores were ultimately calculated based on 9 selected CT radiomics features. Furthermore, traditional CT and clinical risk factors associated with SPNs included lobulation (P < 0.001), spiculation (P < 0.001), and a larger diameter (P < 0.001). The developed CT radiomics scoring model comprised of the following formula: X = -6.773 + 12.0705×radiomics score+2.5313×lobulation (present: 1; no present: 0)+3.1761×spiculation (present: 1; no present: 0)+0.3253×diameter. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the CT radiomics-based model, CT radiomics score, and clinicoradiological score were 0.957, 0.945, and 0.853, respectively, in the training cohort, while that of the testing cohort were 0.943, 0.916, and 0.816, respectively.ConclusionsThe CT radiomics-based model designed in the present study offers valuable diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing benign and malignant SPNs.