AUTHOR=Kouhzad Mobina , Götz Friedrich , Navidifar Tahereh , Taki Elahe , Ghamari Mahsa , Mohammadzadeh Roghayeh , Seyedolmohadesin Maryam , Bostanghadiri Narjess 

TITLE=Carcinogenic and anticancer activities of microbiota-derived secondary bile acids

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 15 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1514872

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2025.1514872

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=Secondary bile acids (SBAs), which are metabolites produced by gut microbiota, have been implicated in both carcinogenic and anticancer processes. This review explores the dual role of SBAs, focusing on their molecular mechanisms and biological effects. The carcinogenic activities of SBAs include DNA damage, promotion of oxidative stress, and modulation of signaling pathways that drive tumorigenesis. Conversely, some SBAs exhibit anticancer properties by inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, and modulating immune responses. The article also discusses the complex interplay between SBAs and the host’s genetic and environmental factors, highlighting potential therapeutic implications and the need for targeted strategies to mitigate risks while harnessing beneficial effects. A comprehensive understanding of the delicate equilibrium between the deleterious and salutary impacts of SBAs has the potential to facilitate the development of innovative cancer prevention and treatment methodologies.