AUTHOR=Cristaldi Vanessa , Terzi di Bergamo Lodovico , Patruno Lucrezia , Kallikourdis Marinos , Cassanmagnago Giada Andrea , Corrado Francesco , Calabretta Eleonora , Condoluci Adalgisa , di Trani Martina , Rahal Daoud , Basso Gianluca , Peano Clelia , Graudenzi Alex , Antoniotti Marco , Rossi Davide , Carlo-Stella Carmelo 

TITLE=The immune cell dynamics in the peripheral blood of cHL patients receiving anti-PD1 treatment

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 15 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1518107

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2025.1518107

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=Checkpoint blockade therapy (CBT) involving anti-PD1 antibodies represents the standard approach for cHL patients who do not respond to second-line therapy. Nonetheless, only 20% of relapsed/refractory (R/R) cHL patients treated with CBT achieve complete remission. In this study, we extensively examined the immune dynamics in eight R/R cHL patients treated with CBT, consisting of four complete responders (CR) and four experiencing disease progression (PD), by single cell analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Our unique approach encompassed longitudinal analysis with three time points, providing a comprehensive understanding of the evolving immune responses during anti-PD1 therapy. Through gene expression profiling, we identified a stable and distinctive KLRG1+/FOS+/JUN+/GZMA+/CD8+ T cell phenotype in patients achieving complete responses. This specific CD8+ T cell subset exhibited sustained activation, underscoring its potential pivotal role in mounting an effective immune response against cHL. Furthermore, T cell receptor (TCR) analysis revealed that in responder patients there is clonal expansion between TCR clonotypes specifically in the KLRG1+/FOS+/JUN+/GZMA+/CD8+ T cell subset. Our longitudinal study offers unique insights into the complex immune dynamics of multiply relapsed/highly pre-treated cHL patients undergoing anti-PD1 therapy.