AUTHOR=Xiao Qianru , Lei Zhengqing , Si Anfeng , Tang Xuewu , Yang Facai , Ma Weihu , Chi Cheng , Yu Qiushi , He Yigang , Tang Haolan , Su Tianhang , Hu Fangyuan , Lu Jianning , Yu Youheng , Liu Ziqi , Yang Pinghua , Cheng Zhangjun 

TITLE=Nomogram based on tumor burden score for prediction of prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before hepatectomy

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 15 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1578859

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2025.1578859

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=PurposeTo develop nomogram models predicting the prognosis for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) before hepatectomy.MethodsPatients treated at the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital and Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, from January 2012 to July 2014, were retrospectively enrolled. Prediction models for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were constructed.ResultsA total of 1117 patients with HCC were enrolled in this study, and were divided into a training cohort (n=838) and a validation cohort (n=279). A prediction model for OS in the training cohort (OS-nomo, C-index=0.71), including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), estimated hepatectomy extent, and tumor burden score (TBS) as independent factors (all P<0.05), was constructed. For clinical application, we stratified all patients into three distinct risk groups: low-, medium-, and high-risk group for OS, based on total points (TPs). Patients undergoing major hepatectomy, with AFP>20 ng/mL and high level of TBS had the worst OS.ConclusionWhen selecting patients with HCC for hepatectomy, factors including sex, CPS, AFP level, estimated hepatectomy extent, and TBS should be carefully considered. OS-nomo model could serve as important tool for personalized survival prediction.