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        <title>Frontiers in Oncology | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Frontiers in Oncology | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-05-13T15:08:02.907+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
        <item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1793165</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1793165</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Bidirectional roles of meningeal lymphatic vessels in brain metastases: friend and foe]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Wei Shao</author><author>Erdi Zhu</author><author>Daoning Chen</author><author>Hua Lu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Brain metastases constitute the most prevalent intracranial malignancies. Despite recent therapeutic advances, patient prognoses remain poor, largely due to significant treatment resistance and a highly restrictive tumor microenvironment. The rediscovery of meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) has provided new insights into how the brain interacts with the immune system. MLVs are responsible for cerebrospinal fluid drainage, waste clearance, and immune cell trafficking, and their dysfunction is linked to many neurological diseases. In brain metastases, MLVs play a dynamic, dual role based on the evolving tumor microenvironment. Under physiological conditions or in early stages, MLVs promote anti - tumor immunity by draining tumor antigens to cervical lymph nodes and supporting T-cell activation. However, as the tumor progresses, excessive tumor - derived factors like VEGF-C cause pathological MLV remodeling. This structural change is a critical switch: pathologically dilated MLVs facilitate tumor dissemination and their drainage dysfunction creates a local immunosuppressive niche, leading to immune evasion. This “friend and foe” character makes MLVs a potential therapeutic target. Enhancing MLV drainage may improve immunotherapy and drug delivery, while inhibiting tumor-driven lymphangiogenesis may help limit metastatic spread. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on MLV biology, their interactions with brain metastases, and discuss potential strategies and challenges for targeting MLVs in future therapies.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1808752</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1808752</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Inhibition of GPR68 induces ferroptosis in diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Leif R. Neitzel</author><author>Aaron H. Wasserman</author><author>Rintaro Hashizume</author><author>Charles H. Williams</author><author>Charles C. Hong</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundDiffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG) is a highly aggressive pediatric brainstem tumor with limited treatment options and dismal prognosis. Previously, we showed that Ogremorphin (OGM), a specific GPR68 inhibitor, induced ferroptosis in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells. Given their shared originating cell type, we investigated OGM’s efficacy in inducing ferroptosis in DIPG cells, using normal human astrocytes (NHAs) for comparison.MethodsDIPG cell lines (SF7761, DIPG36, DIPG007) and NHAs were evaluated. OGM sensitivity was assessed via CellTiter-Glo viability assays. Ferroptosis markers including glutathione (GSH) levels, lipid peroxidation (BODIPY C11), and qRT-PCR of ATF4 and SLC7A11 were measured. Rescue experiments used liproxstatin-1 for ferroptosis and Z-VAD-FMK for apoptosis. Genetic validation used shRNA knockdown and overexpression of GPR68/ATF4, plus an ATF4 luciferase reporter assay.ResultsOGM treatment in N5 media revealed that NHAs were more resistant (LD50 = 3.84 µM) than DIPG cells (LD50 ≤ 0.79 µM). DIPG sensitivity to OGM was comparable to GBM. Knockdown of GPR68 via shRNA confirmed that GPR68 inhibition induces cell death in DIPG cells. OGM robustly triggered ferroptosis marked by elevated lipid radicals, reduced GSH, and increased ATF4 and SLC7A11 expression in DIPG and NHA cells, except SF7761, which lacked SLC7A11 induction. Furthermore, liproxstatin-1 rescued the loss of cell viability, whereas Z-VAD-FMK had no effect. ATF4 overexpression caused cell death, while its knockdown rescued OGM-mediated effects.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that GPR68 inhibition is an attractive therapeutic target for DIPG. Notably, GPR68 inhibition mirrors the effects observed in GBM, inducing ATF4-dependent ferroptotic cell death.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1780320</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1780320</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Treating without guidelines: management and outcomes of lung cancer diagnosed during pregnancy — a systematic review]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Systematic Review</category>
        <author>Nehemias Guevara Rodriguez</author><author>Noemy Coreas</author><author>Coral Olazagasti</author><author>Martina Imbimbo</author><author>Narjust Florez</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundLung cancer during pregnancy is exceedingly rare and poses unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Clinical decisions must balance urgent, potentially lifesaving maternal treatment with fetal safety, often in the absence of evidence-based guidelines. This systematic review aimed to characterize clinical features, treatment patterns, and maternal–fetal outcomes among reported cases of primary lung cancer diagnosed during pregnancy, focusing on case reports and case series.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar from 1948 through March 2024 for articles reporting primary lung cancer diagnosed during pregnancy. Eligible studies included case reports, case series, or observational reports providing individual-level data. We extracted demographics, tumor characteristics, staging, molecular profile, treatment type and timing (during pregnancy and postpartum), and maternal–fetal outcomes. Descriptive statistics were performed, and exploratory analyses were conducted to assess associations between selected variables and outcomes.ResultsA total of 4,411 records were identified, and 88 publications contributing 96 unique cases met the inclusion criteria. The mean maternal age at diagnosis was 32.9 ± 5.0 years (range 18–42). Most patients (65%) presented with stage III–IV disease at diagnosis. Tobacco use was reported in 33% of cases and was significantly associated with advanced stage at presentation (p = 0.0006). Among tumors with reported molecular testing, 58.9% harbored actionable driver alterations, most commonly ALK rearrangements (32.9%) and EGFR mutations (21.4%). Chemotherapy during pregnancy was administered in 22.8% of cases, most commonly platinum-based doublets, with a mean gestational age at initiation of 21.8 weeks (SD ± 10.4). Targeted therapies, including EGFR and ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors, were typically initiated in the postpartum period in 30 patients (31.6% of the overall cohort). Among reported pregnancies, 69 (71.9%) resulted in live births. Term delivery occurred in 46.9% of cases, while preterm delivery occurred in 25.0%. Pregnancy termination was reported in 17.7% of cases and fetal demise in 1.0%. Advanced maternal disease stage was significantly associated with adverse fetal outcomes, including preterm delivery, pregnancy termination, or fetal demise (p < 0.0001).ConclusionLung cancer during pregnancy most often presents at advanced stages, with a high prevalence of actionable molecular alterations. Multidisciplinary management and routine molecular profiling are essential. In the limited case-based literature, chemotherapy administered during the second and third trimesters has not demonstrated a clear signal of major congenital toxicity; however, these findings should be interpreted with caution, given the small sample size, heterogeneity of reporting, and lack of long-term follow-up. Targeted therapies are generally deferred until the postpartum period. Early diagnosis, optimized imaging protocols, and coordinated maternal–fetal care are critical. International registries and consensus guidelines are urgently needed to guide treatment decisions and improve maternal and fetal outcomes in this rare clinical scenario.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1839585</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1839585</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Retraction: MTA1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by downregulation of DNA-PK-mediated H1.2T146 phosphorylation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Retraction</category>
        
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1804392</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1804392</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Sequential immune-related nephritis and pneumonitis during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a case report]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Haocheng Zhao</author><author>Shanshan Lin</author><author>Lingzhi Wu</author><author>Wenqiu Wu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved cancer treatment but can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that affect multiple organs and may develop over time. We present a case of sequential immune-related nephritis and pneumonitis during ICI therapy. The patient experienced severe acute kidney injury with a considerable increase in serum creatinine level, indicating immune-related nephritis. High-dose corticosteroids led to rapid recovery of kidney function, followed by a gradual taper. However, as the steroid dose was reduced, the patient developed fever and respiratory symptoms, with chest computed tomography revealing signs of immune-related pneumonitis. Prompt re-escalation of corticosteroids resulted in rapid improvement, allowing the taper to be continued slowly. This case highlights the dynamic, sequential nature of irAEs and emphasizes that new immune-mediated toxicities can emerge during steroid tapering even after initial irAE resolution. Therefore, close monitoring and timely therapy adjustments are essential for managing complex irAEs effectively.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1799343</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1799343</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Update of the MSKCC nomogram for metastatic progression and its role in active surveillance: the Italian TPCP cohort]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Nicolas Destefanis</author><author>Daniela Zugna</author><author>Valentina Fiano</author><author>Renata Zelic</author><author>Michelangelo Fiorentino</author><author>Francesca Giunchi</author><author>Piero Fariselli</author><author>Mauro Giulio Papotti</author><author>Paola Cassoni</author><author>Marco Oderda</author><author>Paolo Gontero</author><author>Luca Lianas</author><author>Mauro Del Rio</author><author>Giuseppe Carlo Iorio</author><author>Umberto Ricardi</author><author>Olof Akre</author><author>Andreas Pettersson</author><author>Lorenzo Richiardi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundPrognostic models are crucial for prostate cancer (PCa) treatment decision making at the time of diagnosis, particularly for distinguishing active surveillance (AS) candidates from those requiring curative treatment. While several models exist, their ability to predict metastatic disease—the primary driver of PCa mortality—remains underexplored.MethodsWe analysed the Turin Prostate Cancer Prognostication cohort, which includes 891 unselected PCa patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2013 in Turin, Italy. Three widely used prognostic models—D’Amico, CAPRA, and MSKCC—were updated and compared based on optimism-corrected discrimination and overall prediction error for metastatic PCa (mPCa) within five years of diagnosis, accounting for competing risks. Overall survival was also assessed. Additionally, we investigated whether replacing standard AS eligibility criteria with nomogram-based risk thresholds could better identify patients at low risk of metastasis, maximizing AS uptake while minimising metastatic risk.ResultsThe MSKCC nomogram (optimism-corrected AUCt: 0.81; scaled Brier score: 0.15) outperforming the CAPRA score (AUCt: 0.77; Brier score: 0.11) and the D’Amico classification (AUCt 0.64; Brier score: 0.03) in predicting mPCa. The same ranking was observed for overall mortality prediction. When 95th percentile of MSKCC’s predicted probabilities among patients selected for six different AS protocols was used as a threshold, the proportion of potentially eligible patients increased from 7.8% when UCSF criterion was used to 57.0% without substantially increasing metastatic risk (observed 5-year risk: 1.7%).ConclusionsThe MSKCC nomogram outperformed other models in predicting mPCa and overall mortality. Implementing risk-based AS eligibility thresholds derived from MSKCC could enhance patient selection while facilitating shared decision-making between patients and clinicians.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1804448</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1804448</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A propensity score matching study on clinical characteristics and risk factors of herpes zoster in malignant tumor]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yang Li</author><author>Canhua Liang</author><author>Ziwei Feng</author><author>Shaohuan Lu</author><author>GuangZhao Wang</author><author>Guangyi Meng</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundHerpes zoster (HZ) is caused by the reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Cancer patients, due to immune suppression, are at an increased risk of HZ. However, the exact relationship between cancer and the occurrence of HZ remains unclear.MethodsThis retrospective study collected data from cancer patients diagnosed between 01/01/2020, and 30/09/2024. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the clinical characteristics of HZ patients. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to match HZ and non-HZ groups in a 1:3 ratio, controlling for potential confounding factors. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the impact of cancer type, treatment modalities, and other factors on the occurrence of HZ.ResultsAmong 99 HZ patients, the onset of HZ was closely associated with the timing of anticancer treatment, with 89.89% of patients developing HZ within 12 months after the first anticancer therapy. After PSM matching, cancer type was identified as a significant independent risk factor for HZ. Patients with hematologic cancers, such as multiple myeloma, had a significantly higher risk of developing HZ compared to those with solid tumors (OR = 2.41, 95% CI 1.11-5.24, P = 0.03).ConclusionsHematologic malignancy patients are at a significantly higher risk of developing HZ compared to those with solid tumors. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) did not significantly increase the risk of HZ. These findings suggest that patients with hematologic cancers should be closely monitored for HZ and undergo preventive measures.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1845623</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1845623</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Correction: Study on the mechanism of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid inhibiting the proliferation of renal cancer cells by inducing autophagy through the miR-27a-5p/LC3 axis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Correction</category>
        <author>Shumin Jia</author><author>Lei Zhang</author><author>Yahong Li</author><author>Duojie Xu</author><author>Yi Yang</author><author>Ziying Zhou</author><author>Wenjing Liu</author><author>Jianan Zhao</author><author>Ling Yuan</author><author>Yi Nan</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1779983</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1779983</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Efficacy and safety of hypofractionated versus conventional radiotherapy in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Systematic Review</category>
        <author>Malek Talal</author><author>Marafi Jammaa Ahmed</author><author>Muhammad M. Elsharkawy</author><author>Alaa R. AL-Ihribat</author><author>Mohamed F. Srour</author><author>Youssef Z. Farhat</author><author>Muhammad Youssef</author><author>Rabeia Babiker Mustafa</author><author>Mohamed Wafa</author><author>Ahmed Werdany Hassan</author><author>Aya Ahmed Shimal</author><author>Omran Shrebaty</author><author>Ibrahim Moqbel</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundBreast cancer is one of the most frequent cancers globally, and radiotherapy plays an important key role in reducing the chance of recurrence following breast-conserving surgery. As an alternative to traditional fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT), hypofractionated whole-breast irradiation (HFRT) has gained popularity since it provides similar oncological results over shorter treatment periods. Nevertheless, the comparative effectiveness and safety profile of hypofractionated versus conventional fractionation schedules remains an area of ongoing evaluation.AimTo compare the efficacy and safety of HFRT versus CFRT in patients with breast cancer, with particular emphasis on disease-free survival and treatment-related toxicity.MethodsA comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase was conducted through December 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and comparative studies evaluating HFRT versus CFRT in early-stage breast cancer. Key outcomes assessed included disease-free survival (DFS) and treatment-related toxicities, particularly lymphedema and acute radiation dermatitis. The Mantel–Haenszel method to calculate risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used.ResultsEight studies comprising 5,495 breast cancer patients were identified. The meta-analysis demonstrated no significant differences in disease-free survival (DFS) in 5 years (RR = 1.01, 95% CI 0.96–1.06; P = 0.83). Similarly, no significant difference was observed in the incidence of lymphedema between HFRT and CFRT (RR = 1.19, 95% CI 0.94–1.51; P = 0.15). Regarding acute radiation dermatitis, a statistically significant difference favoring HFRT was observed under the fixed-effects model (RR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.20–2.18; P = 0.002). However, due to substantial heterogeneity across studies (I² = 90%), a random-effects model was applied, which demonstrated no statistically significant difference between treatment groups (RR = 1.43, 95% CI 0.51–4.01; P = 0.50). These results should be interpreted with caution given the high between-study variability.ConclusionHFRT demonstrated comparable oncological outcomes to CFRT, with a trend toward reduced acute skin toxicity, indicating that it could be a promising therapy option for early-stage breast cancer. Standardizing radiation treatments and evaluating long-term toxicity and patient-reported results should be the goals of future research. Also, the observed variability across studies warrants cautious interpretation of the pooled estimates, particularly for outcomes demonstrating substantial heterogeneity.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42025631012.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1819831</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1819831</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Case Report: Clinicopathological features and outcomes of superficial cervicovaginal myofibroblastoma: analysis of two cases and a review of the literature]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Xiaoli Cai</author><author>Yanli Liu</author><author>Yunfeng Niu</author><author>Xiaodan Shen</author><author>Qian Zhang</author><author>Lei Liang</author><author>Shuang Liu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundSuperficial cervicovaginal myofibroblastoma (SCVM) is a benign mesenchymal tumor that arises from the superficial stromal layer of the submucosal vagina and cervix in females. This tumor is clinically rare, occurs most frequently in women aged 20–60 years, and is often difficult to distinguish from other soft tissue tumors of the female genital tract due to overlapping clinical and pathological features.Case descriptionTwo cases of SCVM located in the vagina of female patients were reported. One patient presented with vaginal bleeding, whereas the other lesion was identified during a routine physical examination in the absence of obvious clinical symptoms. Both patients underwent surgical resection of the tumor. The final diagnosis of SCVM was established through an integrated evaluation of histopathological morphology, immunohistochemical profiles, and molecular pathology findings. During follow-up periods ranging from 6 months to 1 year, no tumor recurrence or additional clinical symptoms were observed.ConclusionA review of the English-language literature identified a total of 78 reported cases of SCVM, and their clinical manifestations, pathological features, and treatment outcomes were summarized. The findings indicate that SCVM occurs predominantly in women of reproductive age, demonstrates slow growth and benign biological behavior, exhibits hormone-related characteristics, and is associated with a favorable prognosis following surgical excision, with recurrence being extremely rare. Accurate diagnosis depends on the combined assessment of morphological features and immunohistochemical findings to reliably differentiate SCVM from other mesenchymal tumors of the cervix and vagina.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1801023</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1801023</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Abdominal complete hydatidiform mole following uterine evacuation: a case report]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Zeqing Du</author><author>Shizhao Wang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundHydatidiform mole (HM) is a form of gestational trophoblastic disease that most commonly develops within the uterine cavity. Ectopic hydatidiform mole is exceedingly rare, and abdominal implantation represents one of its rarest presentations. Due to nonspecific clinical manifestations and the lack of characteristic imaging features, abdominal HM poses significant diagnostic challenges and is frequently diagnosed only after surgical exploration.Case presentationWe report the case of a 24-year-old woman with a history of polycystic ovary syndrome who conceived following ovulation induction therapy. She was diagnosed with complete hydatidiform mole and underwent uterine evacuation. Postoperatively, serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels failed to decline appropriately and subsequently rebounded. Imaging studies revealed no definitive intrauterine lesions, but a persistent mass was detected posterior to the uterus. Diagnostic laparoscopy identified an isolated lesion located in the rectouterine pouch and rectal peritoneum, without any communication with the uterine cavity or adnexa. The lesion was completely excised laparoscopically. Histopathological examination demonstrated hydropic swelling of chorionic villi with diffuse trophoblastic proliferation, and immunohistochemical analysis revealed absence of p57^KIP2 expression, confirming the diagnosis of abdominal complete hydatidiform mole. Following surgery, serum hCG levels rapidly declined and returned to normal. The patient recovered uneventfully and remained under close postoperative hCG surveillance, with no evidence of persistent or recurrent disease.ConclusionsAbdominal complete hydatidiform mole is a rare but important diagnostic consideration in patients with persistent or rising serum hCG levels after molar evacuation. This case highlights the limitations of imaging modalities and underscores the critical role of postoperative hCG monitoring in the early detection of ectopic molar disease.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1817750</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1817750</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The impact of early integrated palliative care on symptom burden and quality of life in patients with advanced breast cancer]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Shiying Li</author><author>Weina Wang</author><author>Chengxin Bai</author><author>Jianping Wang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundPatients with advanced breast cancer endure a high symptom burden and impaired quality of life. This study evaluated the impact of Early Integrated Palliative Care (EIPC) on these outcomes. Methods: A retrospective cohort study analyzed patients with advanced breast cancer treated between November 2018 and December 2021. Patients were categorized into an EIPC group or a usual care group based on the care model received. Symptom burden (SDS) and sleep quality (PSQI) were assessed at baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24 weeks. Quality of life (FACT-B), hope (HHI), and anxiety/depression (HADS) were evaluated at baseline and 24 weeks. End-of-life chemotherapy rates were recorded. Results: Of 200 included patients, 88 received EIPC, and 112 received usual care. The EIPC group demonstrated significantly lower SDS scores from week 6 onward (24 weeks: 27.57 vs. 29.71, P = 0.002) and lower PSQI scores (24 weeks: 7.21 vs. 8.19, P = 0.002). At 24 weeks, the EIPC group had significantly higher FACT-B scores in physical, social/family, emotional, and functional well-being domains (all P<0.05), higher HHI scores (positive attitude: 13.06 vs. 12.44, P = 0.004), and lower HADS depression (6.45 vs. 7.36, P = 0.002) and anxiety scores (6.23 vs. 7.18, P = 0.001). The rate of chemotherapy in the last 6 weeks of life was significantly lower in the EIPC group (20.45% vs. 40.18%, P = 0.003). Conclusion: EIPC alleviates symptom burden, improves quality of life, psychological well-being, and sleep, and promotes more goal-concordant end-of-life care in patients with advanced breast cancer.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1658242</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1658242</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Case review: adult epithelial type Wilms tumor in a 23-year-old female]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Wenchao Cui</author><author>Yan Wang</author><author>Fantao Zhang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundWilms tumor (WT) is a rare renal malignancy most commonly diagnosed in children, but it is exceedingly rare in adults. Adult Wilms tumor (AWT) presents a diagnostic challenge due to its overlap with other renal neoplasms, such as renal cell carcinoma. Among its different histological subtypes, epithelial-type Wilms tumor is even rarer, presenting with predominantly epithelial differentiation, which can mimic other epithelial renal malignancies.Case reportThis case report discusses a 23-year-old female who presented with a two-year history of painless hematuria and a palpable right kidney mass. Imaging revealed a large renal mass, and the patient underwent a right radical nephrectomy. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of epithelial-type Wilms tumor, with no evidence of metastasis and clear surgical margins. Despite the rarity of this condition, the case highlights the importance of accurate histopathological diagnosis and tailored treatment strategies for adult patients with rare renal tumors. The management of adult Wilms tumors remains a subject of ongoing research, and the optimal treatment approach often requires individualized decision-making.ConclusionEarly diagnosis and surgical intervention remain critical for improving patient outcomes, and awareness of such rare tumors is essential in the differential diagnosis of renal masses in young adults.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1807364</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1807364</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Surgery-based treatment and prognostic factors in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Mingbo Wang</author><author>Heng Zhao</author><author>Yuefeng Zhang</author><author>Huilai Lv</author><author>Qin Chu</author><author>Yonggang Zhu</author><author>Chunyue Gai</author><author>Ziqiang Tian</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis, and the role of surgery in limited-stage disease remains controversial. This study evaluated the impact of surgery-based treatment for limited-stage SCLC (LS-SCLC) and identified prognostic factors.MethodsClinical data of 103 highly selected patients who underwent complete R0 resection and perioperative adjuvant therapy at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from 2014 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis, and independent prognostic factors were determined using multivariable Cox regression.ResultsThe cohort included 60 males and 43 females, aged 22–76 years, with a median follow-up of 64 months (IQR: 25–83 months). The median OS was 81 months, and the 5-year OS rate was 58.3%; the median DFS was 50 months, and the 5-year DFS rate was 50.5%. Patients with stage I-IIA disease had significantly better survival than those with stage IIB-IIIB (5-year OS: 69.2% vs. 47.1%, P = 0.017; 5-year DFS: 67.3% vs. 33.3%, P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis identified advanced pathological Tumor-Node-Metastasis (pTNM) stage (HR = 1.848, 95% CI: 1.156-2.956, P = 0.010) as an independent adverse prognostic factor, whereas adjuvant chemotherapy plus thoracic radiotherapy was associated with improved survival. Furthermore, postoperative brain metastasis was a post-treatment progression event associated with markedly poor outcomes (5-year OS: 21.9% vs. 74.6%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn this highly selected cohort, radical surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and thoracic radiotherapy was associated with improved survival in LS-SCLC, particularly in stage IIB or higher disease. Given the absence of a non-surgical control group, these findings are hypothesis-generating and warrant prospective validation. Postoperative brain metastasis, as a post-treatment progression event, was associated with markedly poor outcomes.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1822063</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1822063</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Metachronous hepatocellular carcinoma after partial response of advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma treated with radiotherapy combined with apatinib and camrelizumab: a case report]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Yujuan Dai</author><author>Dachao Chen</author><author>Shufeng Wu</author><author>Yuehua Geng</author><author>XianYing Chen</author><author>Nana Zhang</author><author>Xiangbin Tan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[We describe a case of metachronous double primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) in a 62-year-old male with occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, an extremely rare entity easily misdiagnosed as iCCA recurrence, especially with an alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-negative phenotype. The patient was initially diagnosed with stage IV iCCA (cT3N0M1) with bone metastases, receiving radiotherapy for primary and metastatic lesions, followed by 2-year sequential apatinib plus camrelizumab, achieving iCCA partial remission. At 56-month follow-up, abdominal CT detected new hepatic lesions, which pathological and immunohistochemical examinations confirmed as de novo HCC rather than iCCA recurrence, with the patient remaining AFP-negative throughout the course. We retrospectively analyzed this case and reviewed relevant literature to discuss its diagnostic clues, potential pathogenesis and therapeutic implications. This case highlights that occult HBV infection, chronic inflammation and liver radiotherapy may synergistically drive multi-pathway hepatocarcinogenesis. Radiotherapy combined with anti-angiogenic and immunotherapy is an effective option for advanced unresectable iCCA. It also emphasizes that active pathological biopsy is essential for new hepatic lesions after iCCA remission to clarify diagnosis and avoid misdiagnosis-induced inappropriate treatment.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1793961</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1793961</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Beyond synapses non-synaptic neural microenvironment interactions remodel circuits and drive glioma progression]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Songyue Zhang</author><author>Helu Wang</author><author>Benlin Wang</author><author>Nan Chi</author><author>Qiaowei He</author><author>Yan Sun</author><author>Hongtao Zhang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Genomic and epigenomic alterations alone cannot fully account for glioma infiltration, therapeutic resistance, or symptom severity. This review proposes a shift toward viewing the neural microenvironment as an active driver of glioma progression through diverse non-synaptic mechanisms, including metabolic coupling, ionic and volume transmission, gap junction signaling, and tumor microtube connectivity. We systematically map the contributions of astrocytes, oligodendrocyte precursor cell programs, microglia/macrophages, and the neurovascular unit, highlighting how their interactions contribute to local excitation-inhibition imbalances and disruptions in large-scale neural connectivity. These circuit-level disturbances closely correspond with clinically significant manifestations such as glioma-related epilepsy, cognitive deficits, and mood disorders, and also demonstrate correlations with patient survival outcomes. To rigorously connect molecular mechanisms to observable circuit disruptions, we integrate advanced methodologies including single-cell and spatial multi-omics analyses, human brain organoids and organotypic slice models, in vivo calcium imaging, and causal neuromodulation approaches. Emerging translational strategies identified by this approach include disrupting tumor microtube networks and gap junction-mediated signaling, functionally reprogramming glial cells, and employing targeted neuromodulation therapies. Additionally, we explore biomarker-driven combination therapies involving anti-angiogenic treatments and immunomodulatory agents as promising avenues for enhancing clinical outcomes.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1706468</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1706468</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Assessment of treatment outcomes in patients with breast cancer who underwent mastectomy and breast reconstruction with sparing of the areola-nipple complex – single-center analysis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Wojciech Stachura</author><author>Magdalena Nowikiewicz</author><author>Marek Zdrenka</author><author>Maria Szymankiewicz</author><author>Joanna Stachura</author><author>Iwona Głowacka-Mrotek</author><author>Magdalena Tarkowska</author><author>Łukasz Szylberg</author><author>Wojciech Zegarski</author><author>Tomasz Nowikiewicz</author>
        <description><![CDATA[PurposeDespite significant improvements in early detection of breast cancer, some patients still require mastectomy. One clinical problem currently being analyzed is the possibility of preserving the areola-nipple complex (NAC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment results of breast cancer patients who underwent mastectomy with breast reconstruction with sparing of the NAC.Methods335 patients who underwent mastectomy with breast reconstruction – with sparing (group I: 300 patients) or removal of NAC (group II: 35 patients), treated in the period 07.2014-06.2020. In the study groups, the length of overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were determined – up to 24 months after the end of treatment (short-term results) and up to 80 months (long-term results). The mean follow-up time of patients was 55.6 ± 19.7 months.ResultsIn 50 patients (14.9%), recurrence of neoplastic disease was observed (in group I: 14.7%, in group II: 17.1%; p=0.6972). It was most often a recurrence of cancer in the scar after mastectomy – in 25 patients (respectively: 7.7% vs 5.7%; p=0.6775) or distant metastases – in 16 patients (4.0% vs 11.4%; p=0.051). A total of 10 deaths were observed (6 – 2.0% vs 4 – 11.4%; p=0.0019). A total of 37 patients (10.7% vs 14.3%) required removal of their implant, mainly due to symptoms of infection – in 24 cases (7.3% vs 5.7%).ConclusionPreserving the NAC is a safe therapeutic procedure in patients undergoing mastectomy with the option of reconstructive treatment. In both groups of patients, similar early and late treatment results were obtained.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1801530</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1801530</link>
        <title><![CDATA[MRI-based habitat radiomics for preoperative prediction of axillary pathological complete response in breast cancer after neoadjuvant therapy: a multicenter study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Lei Ma</author><author>Shunian Li</author><author>Ziwei Cao</author><author>Jun Liao</author><author>Mengting Xu</author><author>Chuanjian Lv</author><author>Chunmiao Xu</author><author>Hongna Tan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[PurposeTo develop and validate a preoperative MRI-based habitat radiomics nomogram for noninvasive prediction of axillary pathological complete response (apCR) after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in node-positive breast cancer.Patients and methodsThis retrospective multicenter study included patients with histologically confirmed node-positive breast cancer from two institutions who underwent pretreatment breast MRI. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI was used for tumor segmentation and to define intratumoral habitat subregions based on enhancement heterogeneity. Radiomic features were extracted from whole tumors and habitat subregions, and radiomics and habitat signatures were integrated with clinicopathologic variables to construct a nomogram for preoperative prediction of apCR. Model performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, calibration assessment, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsA total of 336 women were included. In the training cohort, the radiomics, habitat, and nomogram models achieved AUCs of 0.723, 0.765, and 0.845, respectively. The nomogram consistently demonstrated the highest discriminative performance in the internal validation and independent external test cohorts, with AUCs of 0.755 and 0.754. Calibration analysis showed good agreement between predicted and observed apCR, and DCA indicated greater net clinical benefit for the nomogram.ConclusionThe proposed MRI-based habitat radiomics nomogram showed promising performance for noninvasive, preoperative prediction of apCR after NAT and may assist individualized axillary risk stratification in patients with node-positive breast cancer.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1843273</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1843273</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The role of EZH2 dysregulation in the pathogenesis of B-cell lymphomas and its implications as a target therapy]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Mini Review</category>
        <author>Myrna Candelaria</author>
        <description><![CDATA[B-cell lymphomas are a group of heterogeneic diseases. During B-cell development, the germinal center (GC) reaction is a complex process, in which transcripcional programs have an epigenetic regulation. Enhancer of zeste homologue-2 (EZH2) is a histone methyltransferase, which catalyzes trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) to control gene transcription critical for cell proliferation, function, differentiation and expansion. It controls the normal biology of germinal B cells. Epigenetic dysregulation is a hallmark of Diffuse large B- cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL), with gain of function (GOF) EZH2 mutations. EZH2 is also overexpressed and plays an important role in lymphomagenesis. Follicular lymphoma (FL) pathogenesis includes epigenomic alterations affecting the immunological niche, and their potential consequences on the informational transfer between the microenvironment and tumor B cells. The introduction of novel target therapies and immunotherapeutics modalities in B cell lymphomas has shifted the treatment landscape. Tazemetostat received FDA approval as the first epigenetic therapy for FL. Valemetostat, which inhibits EZH1/2, as well as tazemetostat in combination with other drugs have been subject of recent research. The purpose of this article is to review the role of EZH2 in normal B cell differentiation and in the pathogenesis of B-Cell lymphomas.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1844930</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1844930</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Renal clear cell carcinoma with co-existing tumor thrombosis of renal vein and ureter: a case report and review of the literature]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Qingxuan Li</author><author>Shuping Sun</author><author>Yanchen Wang</author><author>Yuxuan Liu</author><author>Yaofei Sun</author>
        <description><![CDATA[When renal cell carcinoma locally spreads, it usually progresses along the renal vein and inferior vena cava. However, the spread along the ureteral lumen to the bladder is a rare situation. The author has only collected less than 30 similar cases. There is no standard treatment plan for patients with ureteral metastasis at present, and its pathological significance is also unclear. Here, we describe a 56-year-old male patient who presented to our hospital with fever and gross hematuria. After abdominal computed tomography (CT), we diagnosed him with a left renal malignant tumor and thickening of the left renal pelvis and ureter, considering metastasis. Later, cystoscopy was performed, and a ureteral tumor thrombus protruding into the bladder was found under the microscope. Then, laparoscopic radical nephrectomy of the left kidney and transurethral resection of bladder tumor were performed. After the operation, the patient’s body temperature significantly decreased, and gross hematuria also improved. The pathology and related immunohistochemistry reported clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The patient has been discharged, and we plan to treat him with axitinib and toripalimab combination therapy as the subsequent treatment plan. This case demonstrates that surgical resection is still an effective treatment option for such cases, and we review the relevant literature and discuss the selection of surgical methods and pathological significance.]]></description>
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