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        <title>Frontiers in Oncology | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Frontiers in Oncology | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
        <generator>Frontiers Feed Generator,version:1</generator>
        <pubDate>2026-05-14T04:20:38.441+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
        <item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1789920</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1789920</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Constructing and validating a prognostic prediction nomogram model for hepatocellular carcinoma patients following high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Hanyu Huang</author><author>Fan Yang</author><author>Pengcheng Liu</author><author>Kun Zhou</author><author>Wenzhi Chen</author>
        <description><![CDATA[ObjectiveTo develop and validate a nomogram model based on biological information and conventional imaging indicators for predicting overall survival (OS) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment.MethodsThis retrospective study included 407 patients with HCC who received HIFU treatment at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between January 1, 2013, and June 30, 2024. Patients were randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 244) and a validation cohort (n = 163) at a ratio of 6:4. In the training cohort, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of OS. A nomogram was subsequently constructed to predict 1, 3, and 5-year survival rates. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated by assessing the concordance index (C−index), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted to compare survival between high−risk and low−risk groups stratified by the nomogram, thereby validating the model’s ability for clinical risk stratification.ResultsUnivariate Cox regression analysis identified 15 factors significantly associated with OS. Multivariate Cox analysis further determined that lymphocyte count, maximum tumor diameter, alpha fetoprotein level, number of tumor lesions, and portal vein invasion were independent risk factors. In the training cohort, the model exhibited a C index of 0.783. The AUCs for 1, 3, and 5-year survival were 0.814, 0.895, and 0.825, respectively. Calibration curves for 1, 3, and 5-year survival showed close agreement between the nomogram-predicted probabilities (0.835, 0.587, 0.40) and the observed survival rates (0.843, 0.586, 0.551), indicating excellent consistency. In the validation cohort, the C-index was 0.701, and the AUCs were 0.778, 0.679, and 0.754, respectively. The calibration curves also demonstrated good agreement between predicted and observed survival rates, reflecting acceptable consistency. In comparison, the 8th edition AJCC staging system yielded C indices below 0.68 in both cohorts, and its calibration curves showed suboptimal fit.ConclusionThe nomogram model developed in this study can effectively predict the OS rates in HCC patients following HIFU treatment, potentially improving therapeutic strategies and promoting personalized treatment approaches.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1770430</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1770430</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Integrated perspectives on colorectal carcinogenesis: molecular pathogenesis, genomic alterations, diagnostic paradigms, therapeutic interventions and AI–driven directions in precision oncology]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Sidharth Kumar N.</author><author>Sai Kiruthiga S.</author><author>Magesh Ramasamy</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a notable rise in incidence among younger populations and in developing nations. This review provides an integrative perspective on the molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, classification, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies in CRC. We emphasize the pivotal role of three major molecular pathways - chromosomal instability (CIN), microsatellite instability (MSI), and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) and their association with tumor heterogeneity and clinical outcomes. The analysis highlights key risk factors including lifestyle-related variables and genetic predisposition, alongside emerging molecular subtypes that influence prognosis and therapeutic decision-making. Advances in non-invasive diagnostics, such as fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) and novel biomarker discovery, demonstrate potential for improving early detection and screening compliance. Preventive strategies encompassing lifestyle modification, chemoprevention, and vitamin D supplementation, coupled with tailored therapeutic interventions including monoclonal antibodies and targeted therapies, offer promising avenues for reducing disease burden. The review also explores recent advances in multi-omics integration and artificial intelligence driven analytics, which have transformed biomarker discovery, subtype classification, and therapeutic prediction in CRC. Emerging applications of machine learning (ML), radiogenomics, and quantum computing further highlight a paradigm shift toward precision oncology. This review underscores the need for precision oncology approaches that integrate molecular profiling, patient stratification, and personalized treatment to enhance health care delivery and clinical outcomes in CRC.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1801801</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1801801</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Case Report: Lenalidomide as a novel maintenance therapy for metastatic follicular dendritic cell sarcoma]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Saarang Kashyap</author><author>Esha Sankhala</author><author>Jordan Ziegler</author><author>Rebecca Godin</author><author>Ivan Huang</author><author>James Heeter</author><author>Spencer Rosant</author><author>Kamlesh K. Sankhala</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is a rare, low- to intermediate-grade malignancy arising from mesenchymal-derived follicular dendritic cells, which can also present with high-grade pathological features and may rapidly become fatal. Conventional therapeutic strategies, primarily consisting of surgical resection with adjunctive systemic chemotherapy, such as gemcitabine-docetaxel, ifosfamide, doxorubicin, or other regimens, remain inconsistently effective, with median survival notably reduced in advanced or recurrent disease. Given the limited therapeutic options and frequent relapse, there is a critical need for well-tolerated treatments that can improve long-term outcomes for patients with metastatic FDCS. Here, we report the first documented clinical use of the immunomodulatory agent lenalidomide (Revlimid) as maintenance therapy for FDCS following chemotherapy. Remarkably, the patient achieved nearly total sustained remission with exceptional disease stabilization for approximately seven years, experiencing only one manageable recurrence. This clinical response points to lenalidomide as a promising maintenance therapy for metastatic FDCS and may provide further basis for consideration of lenalidomide as a refractory treatment.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1739717</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1739717</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Case Report: Long-term survival with erlotinib for lung cancer with secondary leptomeningeal carcinomatosis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Diego Neira</author><author>Paloma Ruiz</author><author>Barbara Nuñez</author><author>Gonzalo Navarrete</author><author>Rodrigo Vasquez</author><author>Luis Villanueva</author><author>Olga Barajas</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Erlotinib is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, effective as treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer; however, no quality evidence of its benefit in leptomeningeal carcinomatosis has been reported. Previous case series suggest that higher doses are more effective, if higher concentrations reach the central nervous system. Here, we present the case of a 42-year-old Chilean patient with EGFR-mutant lung cancer and leptomeningeal metastasis. A multimodal treatment was performed with intrathecal chemotherapy, craniospinal radiotherapy and erlotinib (150 mg/day) for 5 years. At the time of this publication, she remained disease-free, and no EGFR mutation was detected via liquid biopsy. Further investigation is needed to determine the optimal anti EGFR regimen, the intrathecal chemotherapy protocol, and their sequencing. It is also of particular interest to identify factors associated with disease progression, and which are predictors of a good response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor among such patients.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1812641</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1812641</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Aseptic inflammatory abscesses induced by crizotinib in a case report of ALK rearrangement lung adenocarcinoma]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Hongyin Huang</author><author>Keke Wang</author><author>Xu Zhai</author><author>Pu Cheng</author><author>Haihong Li</author><author>Wen Qiu</author><author>Tong Peng</author><author>Leilei Cao</author><author>Qizhi Luo</author><author>Zilong Wang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundAdverse events induced by crizotinib treatment for lung adenocarcinoma are increasingly reported, with nephritic inflammatory abscesses accounting for only 4% of documented cases. To date, no reports exist regarding aseptic inflammatory abscesses of the back. Consequently, these conditions are often misdiagnosed clinically as cancer metastases or other infections, leading to delays in patient treatment. We report a case of a 34-year-old female patient who developed aseptic inflammatory abscesses in the back and nephritic inflammatory abscesses induced by crizotinib treatment for ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma. The inflammatory abscesses improved after discontinuation of crizotinib. Subsequently, the patient received reduced-dose crizotinib therapy, with follow-up showing reduced complications and satisfactory tumor control. This report aims to fill gaps in the understanding of crizotinib-related adverse events, thereby enhancing the accuracy of diagnosis and management of these adverse events.Case reportA 34-year-old female patient with stage IVB right lung adenocarcinoma, accompanied by lymph node, liver, and bone metastases, received crizotinib therapy. After two years of crizotinib treatment, imaging studies revealed an aseptic inflammatory abscess in the back and left kidney. The lesions in the back and left kidney continued to enlarge despite incision and drainage, and the back abscess underwent surgical excision one month later. Pathology revealed aseptic inflammatory reaction without cancer cells. However, the postoperative back incision healed poorly with persistent purulent discharge, and the nephritic abscess continued to enlarge. Subsequently, based on radiographic and pathological findings suggestive of crizotinib-related adverse effects, the dosage of crizotinib was discontinued. The aseptic inflammatory abscess on the back rapidly improved after crizotinib discontinuation. The nephritic abscess, however, developed infection post-discontinuation and significantly reduced in size following antimicrobial therapy and drainage. Subsequently, crizotinib dosage reduction was implemented based on genetic testing. During follow-up, the inflammatory abscess continued to shrink without compromising tumor control efficacy.ConclusionEarly identification and diagnosis of crizotinib-associated aseptic inflammatory abscesses are critical. During treatment, reducing crizotinib dosage does not lead to recurrence of lung cancer while minimizing complications. The case underscores the necessity of integrating imaging and pathological features in the diagnostic process, alongside the need for personalized adjustments and development of treatment plans tailored to each patient.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1796299</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1796299</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Case Report: Neurological immune-related adverse events with anti-PD-1 based immunotherapy in cervical cancer]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Gaia Passarella</author><author>Sofia Vella</author><author>Erminia Ferrario</author><author>Nicoletta Provinciali</author><author>Diego Luigi Cortinovis</author><author>Stefania Canova</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Despite recent advances in screening and primary prevention, cervical cancer (CC) still represents the fourth leading cancer in terms of incidence and mortality among women. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have gradually emerged as a promising treatment option in the management of CC. However, their use is associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which may occur up to several months after starting or ending therapy. Although irAEs can potentially affect any organs or systems, some sites, such as the nervous system, are seldom involved. We report on the case of a 54-year-old patient with HPV-related, recurrent and metastatic CC treated with cemiplimab. Following an initial favourable partial response, the treatment had to be interrupted due to the onset of immune-related pneumonitis. Subsequently, during steroid tapering, the patient developed myositis and myelitis requiring hospitalization. Further investigations including cerebrospinal fluid analysis, serologic testing, virological and microbiological studies, and radiological imaging excluded infectious, malignant and primary inflammatory neurological aetiologies, supporting the hypothesis of a delayed irAE. Despite immunosuppressive treatment with high-dose steroids and a course of plasmapheresis, the patient gained only partial clinical improvement, requiring a rehabilitation treatment in a specialised facility. The widespread use of immunotherapy in advanced-stage malignancies is expected to increase the incidence of irAEs, including rare and severe forms such as neurological events and those with delayed onset. Consequentially, structured and prolonged follow-up is essential for early identification and effective management of ICIs toxicities.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1764651</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1764651</link>
        <title><![CDATA[3D-printed total humeral prosthesis with shoulder preservation in the treatment of humeral osteosarcoma: a case report]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Haocheng Cui</author><author>Kai Zheng</author><author>Ming Xu</author><author>Qian Chen</author><author>Kai Zhai</author><author>Wenqiang Xing</author><author>Xiuchun Yu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundFor large malignant tumors of the humerus involving extensive portions of the diaphysis, total humeral replacement represents a critical option for limb salvage and functional reconstruction. However, maximizing preservation of shoulder and elbow joint function remains a significant challenge for surgeons.Case presentationWe report a case of a 24-year-old male with chondroblastic osteosarcoma of the humerus. Preoperative biopsy confirmed a high-grade sarcoma consistent with osteosarcoma, most likely the chondroblastic subtype. He received two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy comprising cisplatin, adriamycin, and ifosfamide, along with the PD-1 inhibitor sintilimab. Subsequently, right humeral tumor resection was performed, followed by reconstruction with a 3D-printed prosthesis that preserved the shoulder joint and incorporated hemi-elbow arthroplasty. Postoperatively, an elbow brace was worn for four weeks, with the elbow maintained at 15° of flexion. After suture removal, chemotherapy and PD-1 inhibitor therapy were resumed. At the 9-month follow-up, the patient maintained functional use of the limb and performed activities of daily living independently. Physical examination revealed good shoulder and elbow motor function. Imaging confirmed proper prosthesis placement and robust osseointegration. Artifact-free CT scans of the shoulder and chest showed no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis.ConclusionThe semi-elbow prosthesis—designed using 3D printing technology while preserving the patient’s humeral head—effectively maximizes preservation of shoulder and elbow joint function and enhances treatment satisfaction in young patients.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1785153</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1785153</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Non-specific skin lesions in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma lead to diagnosis challenge: a case report and literature review]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Zimeng You</author><author>Qianqian Wang</author><author>Li Xue</author><author>Lin Wang</author><author>Tingting Wang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundAngioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), a rare and aggressive subtype of T-cell lymphoma, affects the skin in up to 50% of cases. Its protean clinical and histopathological cutaneous manifestations pose a challenge in diagnosis, particularly when skin involvement precedes lymph node biopsy confirmation.Case presentationA 63-year-old male initially presented with progressive erythema and nodules, later developing vasculitis-like ulcers and generalized lymphadenopathy. The skin biopsy of erythema demonstrated mild perivascular lymphocytic infiltration around small blood vessels throughout the entire dermis, while the vasculitis-like ulcer biopsy demonstrated perivascular lymphocytic infiltration and small blood vessel hyperplasia. The final diagnosis of AITL was made through lymph node incisional biopsy based on morphology and immunohistochemistry. The patient received chemotherapy with the miniCHOP regimen. The skin lesions improved after treatment, and the patient remained under follow-up.ConclusionCutaneous manifestations of AITL are diverse, non-specific and can precede systemic symptoms. Histopathologically, cytological atypia is rarely reported. Immunohistochemistry for T-helper markers and molecular data is sometimes useful. However, both clinical manifestations and histopathology of skin lesions are often non-specific and diverse, leading to misdiagnosis and treatment delay. Continuous observation is necessary in AITL patients who develop skin lesions prior to lymphadenopathy, while the final diagnosis of AITL is still based on lymph node biopsy. Clinicians should be vigilant regarding the cutaneous manifestations of AITL to make an early and accurate diagnosis.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1795317</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1795317</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Dynamic changes and clinical significance of the gut microbiota and serum metabolites in breast cancer onset, progression and chemotherapy intervention]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Shuyun Jiang</author><author>Zhanwei Du</author><author>Yufei Wang</author><author>Hongwei Ma</author><author>Zhijun Ma</author><author>Xiaowang Wang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[ObjectiveAlterations of the gut microbiota and host metabolic reprogramming are closely associated with the development of breast cancer and the treatment response; however, integrated studies of the gut microbiota and metabolome spanning the transition from benign breast disease (BBD) to malignancy and the postchemotherapy phase remain limited. This study aims to systematically characterize the dynamic changes in the “gut microbiota–serum metabolome–breast tumor” axis from benign breast disease (BBD) to breast cancer (BC) and postchemotherapy breast cancer (PCBC) and to evaluate its potential value in diagnosis and disease monitoring.MethodsWe enrolled 295 female participants, who were divided into a BBD group (n = 83), a BC group (n = 100), and a PCBC group (n = 88), and included 24 paired fecal samples from the same patients that were collected before and after chemotherapy. Fecal samples underwent 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing, while serum samples underwent an liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) based nontargeted metabolomic analysis; we compared differences in gut microbiota diversity, taxonomic composition, and functional predictions across groups and screened for differentially abundant metabolites and enriched metabolic pathways. In a subset of patients with paired multiomics data (BBD n=19, BC n=31, and PCBC n=34), Spearman’s correlation analysis, multiomics principle component analysis (PCA)/partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and random forest models were employed to integrate the microbiota and metabolic features.ResultsCross-sectional remodeling of the gut microbiome structure occurred. The α diversity of the gut microbiota was similar across the three groups (BBD, BC, and PCBC); however, the β diversity analysis based on the weighted UniFrac distance revealed the significant separation of the microbial community structure among the three groups. At the taxonomic level, the BBD group was significantly enriched with beneficial commensal bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids (e.g., Faecalibacterium and Roseburia); in contrast, the BC group shifted toward the enrichment of inflammation- or tumor-associated genera (e.g., Blautia, Fusobacterium, Sneathia, and Prevotella), while the PCBC group further accumulated various opportunistic pathogens (such as Phocaeicola, Sutterella, Enterococcus, and Chlamydia). As the disease progressed and chemotherapy was administered, the microbiome gradually shifted from a “metabolic protective” state to an “inflammatory/pathogenic” state. The characteristics of the dynamic remodeling of serum metabolomic profiles were identified. Nontargeted metabolomics revealed more than 3,000 metabolites, and the multivariate analysis indicated significant heterogeneity in the metabolomic profiles associated with malignant transformation and those measured before and after chemotherapy. In the BC group, energy, amino acid, and lipid metabolism were significantly disrupted, and widespread metabolite depletion was observed; however, in the postchemotherapy PCBC group, adaptive pathways such as estrogen, bile acid, and drug metabolism were activated, and persistent abnormalities in purine/nucleotide, carbon, and multiple amino acid metabolism were detected. Overall, the serum metabolic network underwent a dynamic remodeling process, transitioning from homeostasis to severe disruption and then to partial reconstruction following treatment. Among these changes, the differentially abundant metabolites torsemide, cortolone-3-glucuronide, and trimethylselenonium all had area under the curve (AUC) values greater than 0.75 in distinguishing between different disease stages and chemotherapy statuses, demonstrating their good potential as biomarkers. Interaction networks and multiomics predictive models of the “gut–metabolism–tumor” axis were established. Multiomics association networks revealed a systemic shift in gut–metabolism interaction patterns from a steady state characterized by “probiotic–energy/amino acid and polyphenol metabolism coupling” during the benign phase to a new steady state dominated by “proinflammatory/opportunistic pathogens–lipid reprogramming, exogenous metabolite metabolism, and oxidative stress.” A multiomics classification model based on random forests demonstrated that the combined analysis of the gut microbiota and serum metabolite profiles exhibited exceptional efficacy in distinguishing between the BBD, BC, and PCBC groups. It identified a cluster of strongly associated features characterized by anaerobic gram-positive cocci, Lactobacillus-associated microbiota, and their paired metabolites, providing an important molecular fingerprint for clinical assessment.ConclusionsThis study integrates gut microbiome and serum metabolomic data to reveal that during the progression of benign breast lesions to breast cancer and throughout chemotherapy, the “gut microbiota–host metabolism–breast tumor” axis transforms from a state characterized by commensal depletion, the expansion of opportunistic pathogens, and reprogramming of energy/lipid metabolism to a persistent metabolic signature associated with drug metabolism and the activation of oxidative stress pathways. The integrated multiomics model helps characterize the biological differences across various stages of breast disease. The identified characteristic bacterial genera and metabolite combinations provide preliminary theoretical clues for the future exploration of microbiome-related mechanisms in breast cancer and for auxiliary assessments.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1790964</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1790964</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Localized peritoneal epithelioid clear cell subtype mesothelioma: a case report and literature review]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Bin Huang</author><author>Hongsheng Liu</author><author>Haiyan Zhou</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Epithelioid mesothelioma with a clear cell morphology is rare and has only been described in a few case reports. The diagnosis of epithelioid clear cell mesothelioma is challenging and often requires extensive immunohistochemical staining. Here, we report a case of epithelioid mesothelioma, clear cell variant, occurring in the peritoneum of a 76-year-old male. Computed Tomography(CT)imaging revealed a localized irregular intra-abdominal mass measuring approximately 6.0×5.0cm. Combined with histomorphology and immunophenotype analysis, the patient was diagnosed with localized epithelioid clear cell mesothelioma. There was no recurrence or metastasis after 24 months of follow-up. This case enriches the clinical and molecular data of localized peritoneal epithelioid clear cell mesothelioma, and provides insights into its diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1774702</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1774702</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Hybrid handcrafted and deep feature fusion for automated acute myeloid leukemia classification using TCMA-Net on a class-balanced dataset]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Osama M. Alshehri</author><author>Zohaib Mushtaq</author><author>Muhammad Taha</author><author>Maham Ijaz</author><author>Muhammad Irfan</author><author>Malik A. Altayar</author><author>Mohammed M. Jalal</author><author>Mohammed H. Abu-Alghayth</author><author>Humood Al Shmrany</author><author>Elhashimi Eltayb Hassan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a life-threatening hematological malignancy that requires accurate and timely diagnosis for effective clinical management. However, conventional cytomorphological analysis is time-consuming, subjective, and highly dependent on expert interpretation. Existing artificial intelligence-based approaches are often limited by severe class imbalance and inadequate feature representation, which restrict their generalization capability. To address these challenges, this study proposes a robust and high-performance AML classification framework based on hybrid feature fusion and deep learning. The proposed approach integrates handcrafted features with deep representations extracted from DenseNet201 and MobileNetV2 to form the Hybrid AML Descriptor Network (HADNet), which is further combined with the Transformer-based Tri block Convolutional Multi head Attention Network (TCMA-Net) classifier to capture both local and global contextual information. In addition, a Synthetic Acquisition Artifact Augmentation (S3A) strategy is introduced to mitigate class imbalance by generating realistic variations in illumination and noise. Extensive experiments were conducted on the AML cytomorphology Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU) dataset, where the proposed framework achieved a testing accuracy of 99.20%, outperforming traditional machine learning models and deep learning baselines. The effectiveness of the approach is further validated through ablation studies and external evaluation on the acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) dataset, demonstrating strong robustness and generalization across different data distributions. Overall, the results indicate that the integration of handcrafted and deep features significantly enhances classification performance, stability, and reliability. The proposed framework provides a promising solution for automated AML diagnosis and has the potential to support clinical decision-making systems.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1829844</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1829844</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Cancer patients’ insights and experience of palliative and supportive care in the UAE: a qualitative study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Khalifa Mohammad AlOlama</author><author>Salem Omar Alameri</author><author>Yasin Wissi</author><author>Waleed Mezher Alabdli</author><author>Hamad Hisham AlHammadi</author><author>Ahmed Gabr AlDhaheri</author><author>Mariam Ali AlNaqbi</author><author>Mahmoud Ahmed Elshafey</author><author>Nour Abushousha</author><author>Abdullah Humaid O. Al-Shamsi</author><author>Sarah Humaid O. Al-Shamsi</author><author>Mohammed Humaid O. Al-Shamsi</author><author>Ahmad Tariq Kalantar</author><author>Albesher Y.Alfoteih</author><author>Abdulrahman Mahmoud Basioni</author><author>Wessam Alkrad</author><author>Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab</author><author>Amal Al Balushi</author><author>Faryal Iqbal</author><author>Neil Arun Nijhawan</author><author>Humaid O. Al-Shamsi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThe increasing prevalence of advanced cancer cases requiring palliative care highlights the growing need for palliative care as an essential component of comprehensive cancer management. However, despite rising global demand, awareness, access, and integration remain inadequately understood, particularly in rapidly developing and culturally diverse contexts such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Insights from such settings can enhance understanding of how palliative care is delivered, perceived, and adapted across diverse populations.MethodsThis qualitative descriptive study explored the experiences and perceptions of cancer patients and their caregivers regarding palliative and supportive care services in a major oncology healthcare setting in the UAE. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 participants at the Burjeel Cancer Institute in Abu Dhabi. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsFive interrelated themes were identified: “Awareness and Understanding of Palliative Care,” “Balancing Pain Relief and Medication Concerns,” “Cultural Expectations and Financial Considerations,” “Navigating the Palliative Care Experience,” and “Voices for Change: Improving Palliative Care.” Findings revealed a general lack of initial awareness about palliative care, with understanding often developing only after engagement with services. Challenges included communication difficulties, language barriers, and limited access to care outside the hospital setting. Cultural beliefs and family dynamics influenced decision-making, while insurance coverage played a key role in facilitating access. Despite these challenges, participants reported generally positive experiences with multidisciplinary care and symptom management.DiscussionThis study contributes to the international literature by providing novel insights into palliative care delivery within a multicultural, high-resource yet culturally complex healthcare system. The findings highlight the need for enhanced public awareness, improved provider–patient communication, and stronger integration of palliative care within cancer services. Although limited by a small sample size and single-institution setting, the study offers transferable lessons for similar contexts. Further multicenter research is recommended to inform national-level strategies and improve equitable access to palliative care in the UAE.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1798895</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1798895</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Sequential PD-1 inhibitor after adjuvant radiotherapy for postoperative oral cancer: a propensity score matching retrospective cohort study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Shaoqing Chen</author><author>Ping Xie</author><author>Runhong Mei</author><author>Mingbin Hu</author><author>Yi Li</author><author>Xiongming Zhou</author><author>Jianwei Liu</author><author>Chongchong Zhang</author><author>Shanshan Wang</author><author>Yeyuan Chen</author><author>Xin Xiong</author><author>Jie Zhang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy and safety of adjuvant radiotherapy and sequential programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors in high-risk patients after oral cancer surgery.MethodsThis single-center, retrospective study included high-risk oral cancer patients who received adjuvant therapy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2013 to December 2024. Patients were divided into a PD-1 inhibitor group and a control group based on whether they received PD-1 inhibitor therapy. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was used to match patients 1:1. Overall Survival (OS) and Adverse Events (AEs) were compared between the PD-1 inhibitor group and the control group.ResultsA total of 262 patients were included in this study, comprising 125 in the PD-1 inhibitor group and 137 in the control group. After PSM, 89 patients from the PD-1 inhibitor group were successfully matched with 89 patients from the control group. The risk of death in the PD-1 inhibitor group was significantly lower than in the control group, with a Hazard Ratio (HR) of 0.54 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.30-0.98), P = 0.04. The median OS was not reached (NR) in the PD-1 inhibitor group, whereas it was 55.0 months (95% CI, 48.2–63.5) in the control group. The incidence of adverse events in the PD-1 inhibitor group was higher than in the control group. The most common adverse reactions in the PD-1 inhibitor group were gastrointestinal reactions (40.0%), myelosuppression (31.2%), and oral mucositis (27.2%), all of which were higher than in the control group (4.4%, 5.1%, and 0%, respectively). Adverse events exclusive to the combination group included oral mucositis, radiation dermatitis (8.8%), and hepatitis. One death (0.7%) was reported in the monotherapy group, while there were no deaths in the combination group.ConclusionIn the adjuvant treatment of high-risk postoperative oral cancer patients, sequential PD-1 inhibitor can significantly improve patient survival benefits, but the incidence of adverse events is higher.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1801530</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1801530</link>
        <title><![CDATA[MRI-based habitat radiomics for preoperative prediction of axillary pathological complete response in breast cancer after neoadjuvant therapy: a multicenter study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Lei Ma</author><author>Shunian Li</author><author>Ziwei Cao</author><author>Jun Liao</author><author>Mengting Xu</author><author>Chuanjian Lv</author><author>Chunmiao Xu</author><author>Hongna Tan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[PurposeTo develop and validate a preoperative MRI-based habitat radiomics nomogram for noninvasive prediction of axillary pathological complete response (apCR) after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in node-positive breast cancer.Patients and methodsThis retrospective multicenter study included patients with histologically confirmed node-positive breast cancer from two institutions who underwent pretreatment breast MRI. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI was used for tumor segmentation and to define intratumoral habitat subregions based on enhancement heterogeneity. Radiomic features were extracted from whole tumors and habitat subregions, and radiomics and habitat signatures were integrated with clinicopathologic variables to construct a nomogram for preoperative prediction of apCR. Model performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, calibration assessment, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsA total of 336 women were included. In the training cohort, the radiomics, habitat, and nomogram models achieved AUCs of 0.723, 0.765, and 0.845, respectively. The nomogram consistently demonstrated the highest discriminative performance in the internal validation and independent external test cohorts, with AUCs of 0.755 and 0.754. Calibration analysis showed good agreement between predicted and observed apCR, and DCA indicated greater net clinical benefit for the nomogram.ConclusionThe proposed MRI-based habitat radiomics nomogram showed promising performance for noninvasive, preoperative prediction of apCR after NAT and may assist individualized axillary risk stratification in patients with node-positive breast cancer.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1658242</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1658242</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Case review: adult epithelial type Wilms tumor in a 23-year-old female]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Wenchao Cui</author><author>Yan Wang</author><author>Fantao Zhang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundWilms tumor (WT) is a rare renal malignancy most commonly diagnosed in children, but it is exceedingly rare in adults. Adult Wilms tumor (AWT) presents a diagnostic challenge due to its overlap with other renal neoplasms, such as renal cell carcinoma. Among its different histological subtypes, epithelial-type Wilms tumor is even rarer, presenting with predominantly epithelial differentiation, which can mimic other epithelial renal malignancies.Case reportThis case report discusses a 23-year-old female who presented with a two-year history of painless hematuria and a palpable right kidney mass. Imaging revealed a large renal mass, and the patient underwent a right radical nephrectomy. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of epithelial-type Wilms tumor, with no evidence of metastasis and clear surgical margins. Despite the rarity of this condition, the case highlights the importance of accurate histopathological diagnosis and tailored treatment strategies for adult patients with rare renal tumors. The management of adult Wilms tumors remains a subject of ongoing research, and the optimal treatment approach often requires individualized decision-making.ConclusionEarly diagnosis and surgical intervention remain critical for improving patient outcomes, and awareness of such rare tumors is essential in the differential diagnosis of renal masses in young adults.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1804448</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1804448</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A propensity score matching study on clinical characteristics and risk factors of herpes zoster in malignant tumor]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yang Li</author><author>Canhua Liang</author><author>Ziwei Feng</author><author>Shaohuan Lu</author><author>GuangZhao Wang</author><author>Guangyi Meng</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundHerpes zoster (HZ) is caused by the reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Cancer patients, due to immune suppression, are at an increased risk of HZ. However, the exact relationship between cancer and the occurrence of HZ remains unclear.MethodsThis retrospective study collected data from cancer patients diagnosed between 01/01/2020, and 30/09/2024. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the clinical characteristics of HZ patients. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to match HZ and non-HZ groups in a 1:3 ratio, controlling for potential confounding factors. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the impact of cancer type, treatment modalities, and other factors on the occurrence of HZ.ResultsAmong 99 HZ patients, the onset of HZ was closely associated with the timing of anticancer treatment, with 89.89% of patients developing HZ within 12 months after the first anticancer therapy. After PSM matching, cancer type was identified as a significant independent risk factor for HZ. Patients with hematologic cancers, such as multiple myeloma, had a significantly higher risk of developing HZ compared to those with solid tumors (OR = 2.41, 95% CI 1.11-5.24, P = 0.03).ConclusionsHematologic malignancy patients are at a significantly higher risk of developing HZ compared to those with solid tumors. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) did not significantly increase the risk of HZ. These findings suggest that patients with hematologic cancers should be closely monitored for HZ and undergo preventive measures.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1706468</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1706468</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Assessment of treatment outcomes in patients with breast cancer who underwent mastectomy and breast reconstruction with sparing of the areola-nipple complex – single-center analysis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Wojciech Stachura</author><author>Magdalena Nowikiewicz</author><author>Marek Zdrenka</author><author>Maria Szymankiewicz</author><author>Joanna Stachura</author><author>Iwona Głowacka-Mrotek</author><author>Magdalena Tarkowska</author><author>Łukasz Szylberg</author><author>Wojciech Zegarski</author><author>Tomasz Nowikiewicz</author>
        <description><![CDATA[PurposeDespite significant improvements in early detection of breast cancer, some patients still require mastectomy. One clinical problem currently being analyzed is the possibility of preserving the areola-nipple complex (NAC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment results of breast cancer patients who underwent mastectomy with breast reconstruction with sparing of the NAC.Methods335 patients who underwent mastectomy with breast reconstruction – with sparing (group I: 300 patients) or removal of NAC (group II: 35 patients), treated in the period 07.2014-06.2020. In the study groups, the length of overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were determined – up to 24 months after the end of treatment (short-term results) and up to 80 months (long-term results). The mean follow-up time of patients was 55.6 ± 19.7 months.ResultsIn 50 patients (14.9%), recurrence of neoplastic disease was observed (in group I: 14.7%, in group II: 17.1%; p=0.6972). It was most often a recurrence of cancer in the scar after mastectomy – in 25 patients (respectively: 7.7% vs 5.7%; p=0.6775) or distant metastases – in 16 patients (4.0% vs 11.4%; p=0.051). A total of 10 deaths were observed (6 – 2.0% vs 4 – 11.4%; p=0.0019). A total of 37 patients (10.7% vs 14.3%) required removal of their implant, mainly due to symptoms of infection – in 24 cases (7.3% vs 5.7%).ConclusionPreserving the NAC is a safe therapeutic procedure in patients undergoing mastectomy with the option of reconstructive treatment. In both groups of patients, similar early and late treatment results were obtained.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1804392</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1804392</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Sequential immune-related nephritis and pneumonitis during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a case report]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Haocheng Zhao</author><author>Shanshan Lin</author><author>Lingzhi Wu</author><author>Wenqiu Wu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved cancer treatment but can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that affect multiple organs and may develop over time. We present a case of sequential immune-related nephritis and pneumonitis during ICI therapy. The patient experienced severe acute kidney injury with a considerable increase in serum creatinine level, indicating immune-related nephritis. High-dose corticosteroids led to rapid recovery of kidney function, followed by a gradual taper. However, as the steroid dose was reduced, the patient developed fever and respiratory symptoms, with chest computed tomography revealing signs of immune-related pneumonitis. Prompt re-escalation of corticosteroids resulted in rapid improvement, allowing the taper to be continued slowly. This case highlights the dynamic, sequential nature of irAEs and emphasizes that new immune-mediated toxicities can emerge during steroid tapering even after initial irAE resolution. Therefore, close monitoring and timely therapy adjustments are essential for managing complex irAEs effectively.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1799343</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1799343</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Update of the MSKCC nomogram for metastatic progression and its role in active surveillance: the Italian TPCP cohort]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Nicolas Destefanis</author><author>Daniela Zugna</author><author>Valentina Fiano</author><author>Renata Zelic</author><author>Michelangelo Fiorentino</author><author>Francesca Giunchi</author><author>Piero Fariselli</author><author>Mauro Giulio Papotti</author><author>Paola Cassoni</author><author>Marco Oderda</author><author>Paolo Gontero</author><author>Luca Lianas</author><author>Mauro Del Rio</author><author>Giuseppe Carlo Iorio</author><author>Umberto Ricardi</author><author>Olof Akre</author><author>Andreas Pettersson</author><author>Lorenzo Richiardi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundPrognostic models are crucial for prostate cancer (PCa) treatment decision making at the time of diagnosis, particularly for distinguishing active surveillance (AS) candidates from those requiring curative treatment. While several models exist, their ability to predict metastatic disease—the primary driver of PCa mortality—remains underexplored.MethodsWe analysed the Turin Prostate Cancer Prognostication cohort, which includes 891 unselected PCa patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2013 in Turin, Italy. Three widely used prognostic models—D’Amico, CAPRA, and MSKCC—were updated and compared based on optimism-corrected discrimination and overall prediction error for metastatic PCa (mPCa) within five years of diagnosis, accounting for competing risks. Overall survival was also assessed. Additionally, we investigated whether replacing standard AS eligibility criteria with nomogram-based risk thresholds could better identify patients at low risk of metastasis, maximizing AS uptake while minimising metastatic risk.ResultsThe MSKCC nomogram (optimism-corrected AUCt: 0.81; scaled Brier score: 0.15) outperforming the CAPRA score (AUCt: 0.77; Brier score: 0.11) and the D’Amico classification (AUCt 0.64; Brier score: 0.03) in predicting mPCa. The same ranking was observed for overall mortality prediction. When 95th percentile of MSKCC’s predicted probabilities among patients selected for six different AS protocols was used as a threshold, the proportion of potentially eligible patients increased from 7.8% when UCSF criterion was used to 57.0% without substantially increasing metastatic risk (observed 5-year risk: 1.7%).ConclusionsThe MSKCC nomogram outperformed other models in predicting mPCa and overall mortality. Implementing risk-based AS eligibility thresholds derived from MSKCC could enhance patient selection while facilitating shared decision-making between patients and clinicians.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1845623</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1845623</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Correction: Study on the mechanism of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid inhibiting the proliferation of renal cancer cells by inducing autophagy through the miR-27a-5p/LC3 axis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Correction</category>
        <author>Shumin Jia</author><author>Lei Zhang</author><author>Yahong Li</author><author>Duojie Xu</author><author>Yi Yang</author><author>Ziying Zhou</author><author>Wenjing Liu</author><author>Jianan Zhao</author><author>Ling Yuan</author><author>Yi Nan</author>
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