AUTHOR=Kamermans Maarten , Winkelman Beerend H. J. , Hölzel M-B. , Howlett Marcus H. C. , Kamermans Wouter , Simonsz H. J. , de Zeeuw C. I. 

TITLE=A retinal origin of nystagmus—a perspective

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Ophthalmology

VOLUME=Volume 3 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/ophthalmology/articles/10.3389/fopht.2023.1186280

DOI=10.3389/fopht.2023.1186280

ISSN=2674-0826

ABSTRACT=Congenital nystagmus is a condition where the eyes of patients oscillate mostly horizontal with a frequency between 2 and 10 Hz. Historically, nystagmus is believed to be caused by a mal-adaptation of the oculomotor system and is thus a disease of the brain stem. However, we recently showed that congenital nystagmus associated with congenital stationary night blindness is caused by synchronously oscillating retinal ganglion cells. In this perspective we will discuss how some details of nystagmus can be accounted for by the retinal mechanism we propose.