AUTHOR=Bratteteig Mari , Anderssen Sigmund Alfred , Rueegg Corina Silvia , Ruud Ellen , Torsvik Ingrid Kristin , Kriemler Susi , Grydeland May 

TITLE=Device-measured physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk in adolescent childhood cancer survivors. A physical activity in childhood cancer survivors (PACCS) study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pediatrics

VOLUME=Volume 10 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/articles/10.3389/fped.2022.977365

DOI=10.3389/fped.2022.977365

ISSN=2296-2360

ABSTRACT=Objectives: We aimed to compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in childhood cancer survivors (CCS) with age- and sex-stratified reference material and examine the association between physical activity (PA) intensities and CVD risk factors in CCS. 
Methods: Within the cross-sectional, multicenter PACCS study, we collected data on CVD risk factors (VO2-peak (mL∙kg-1∙min-1), body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), systolic blood pressure (SBP, mmHg), and total-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol (Total/HDL)) among CCS aged 9-18 years. CVD risk factors were compared to references with immediate t-tests. We transformed CVD risk factors into z-scores based on international references and generated an individual CVD risk score: (inverse ZVO2-peak+ZBMI+ZSBP+ZTotal/HDL)/4). Multivariable mixed linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between device-measured PA intensities and CVD risk factors. 
Results: We included 157 CCS aged on average 13.4 years at inclusion and 8.2 years from diagnosis. Male CCS had lower VO2-peak compared to references (45.4 vs. 49.4 mL∙kg-1∙min-1, P=.001), higher diastolic BP (67 vs. 63 mmHg, P<.001), lower HDL (1.35 vs. 1.44 mmol/L, P=.012), as well as a tendency to higher CVD risk score (z-score=0.14 vs. 0.00, P=.075). Female CCS’ CVD risk factors were comparable to references. Vigorous-intensity PA (VPA) was associated with CVD risk factors. A 10-minute increase in VPA was associated with higher VO2-peak (β=4.9, 95% CI, 2.1-7.7), lower Total/HDL (β=-0.3, 95% CI, -0.6 to -0.1) and a lower CVD risk score (β=-0.4, 95% CI, -0.6 to -0.2). 
Conclusion: Male adolescent CCS had less favorable values of CVD risk factors compared to references. VPA in adolescent CCS is associated with clinically meaningful favorable values of CVD risk factors.