AUTHOR=Liu Weiqian , Gao Bo , Xie Shaowei , Yin Yu 

TITLE=Case Report: Polymyxin B-induced anaphylactic shock

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1594127

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2025.1594127

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=RationalePolymyxin B is a widely used antibiotic in clinical practice, and anaphylactic shock represents a severe adverse drug reaction. Reports of polymyxin B-induced anaphylactic shock are rare in the existing literature.Patient concernsA 67-year-old male patient in the recovery phase of cerebral infarction presented with fever. The suspected pathogen responsible for his pulmonary infection was drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is resistant to polymyxins. Following the administration of polymyxin B, the patient experienced anaphylactic shock.DiagnosisConsider the anaphylactic shock induced by polymyxin B.InterventionsAdrenaline was administered via intramuscular injection, and a micro-pump of metaraminol was utilized for infusion. Fluid resuscitation, intravenous dexamethasone administration, and nebulized budesonide were also performed. Consequently, the patient’s blood pressure gradually returned to normal levels.OutcomeThe patient was transferred to the respiratory department for further treatment.LessonsTo prevent serious adverse reactions, it is essential to strictly adhere to indications and contraindications to avoid misuse and minimize the occurrence of adverse effects. Prior to medication administration, a thorough inquiry into the patient’s drug allergy history and family history should be conducted.