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        <title>Frontiers in Photonics | Nonlinear Optics section | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/photonics/sections/nonlinear-optics</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Nonlinear Optics section in the Frontiers in Photonics journal | New and Recent Articles</description>
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        <pubDate>2026-05-12T23:16:12.591+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1324648</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1324648</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Efficient and robust second-harmonic generation in thin-film lithium niobate using modal phase matching]]></title>
        <pubdate>2023-12-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Mikkel T. Hansen</author><author>Emil Z. Ulsig</author><author>Fabien Labbé</author><author>Magnus L. Madsen</author><author>Yunhong Ding</author><author>Karsten Rottwitt</author><author>Nicolas Volet</author>
        <description><![CDATA[A double-ridge waveguide is designed for efficient and robust second-harmonic generation (SHG) using the thin-film lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) platform. Perfect phase matching (PhM) is achieved between the fundamental waveguide mode at 1,550 nm and a higher-order mode at the second harmonic. The fabrication tolerances of the PhM condition are simulated using a finite-difference method mode solver, and conversion efficiencies as high as 3.92 W−1 are obtained for a 1-cm long waveguide. This design allows access to the largest element of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility tensor, and represents a scalable alternative to waveguides based on periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN). The design has the potential for generating pairs of entangled photons in the infrared C-band by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC).]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1227282</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1227282</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: Semiconductor laser dynamics and its applications]]></title>
        <pubdate>2023-06-27T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>Anbang Wang</author><author>Cheng Wang</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1169988</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1169988</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Spontaneous emission noise resilience of coupled nanolasers]]></title>
        <pubdate>2023-04-12T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Aycke Roos</author><author>Stefan Meinecke</author><author>Kathy Lüdge</author>
        <description><![CDATA[We investigate the spontaneous emission noise resilience of the phase-locked operation of two delay-coupled nanolasers. The system is modeled by semi-classical Maxwell–Bloch rate equations with stochastic Langevin-type noise sources. Our results reveal that a polarization dephasing time of two to three times the cavity photon lifetime maximizes the system’s ability to remain phase-locked in the presence of noise-induced perturbations. The Langevin noise term is caused by spontaneous emission processes which change both the intensity auto-correlation properties of the solitary lasers and the coupled system. In an experimental setup, these quantities are measurable and can be directly compared to our numerical data. The strong parameter dependence of the noise tolerance that we find may show possible routes for the design of robust on-chip integrated networks of nanolasers.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1131853</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1131853</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Frontiers in photonics spotlight]]></title>
        <pubdate>2023-04-12T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Bahman Anvari</author><author>Michele Celebrano</author><author>Costantino De Angelis</author><author>Shujuan Huang</author><author>Ting-Chung Poon</author><author>Bryce S. Richards</author><author>Marco Peccianti</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Highlighting remarkable research output is an important mission of journals and scientists engaged in dissemination. With this spotlight-review we would like to provide visibility to some of the best recent research outputs and stress the pivotal role of their authors in the Photonics field.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1051294</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1051294</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Parametric amplification in coupled nonlinear waveguides: The role of coupling dispersion]]></title>
        <pubdate>2023-04-05T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Minji Shi</author><author>Vitor Ribeiro</author><author>Auro M. Perego</author>
        <description><![CDATA[We present the theory of parametric amplification in coupled nonlinear waveguides considering the frequency dependency of the coupling strength. We show that coupling dispersion can indeed compensate for the uncoupled individual waveguides dispersion enabling a substantial tailoring of the gain spectrum. Our theory describes both phase-sensitive and phase-insensitive operational modes, it can be straightforwardly generalized to include arbitrary higher-order waveguide and coupling dispersion and its predictions agree very well with numerical simulations both in the presence and in the absence of waveguide losses. It provides a tool for the design of novel versatile parametric amplifiers based both on coupled integrated waveguides and dual-core fibers too.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1160251</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1160251</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Spontaneous mode locking of a multimode semiconductor laser under continuous wave operation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2023-03-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Baptiste Chomet</author><author>Stéphane Blin</author><author>Grégoire Beaudoin</author><author>Konstantinos Pantzas</author><author>Isabelle Sagnes</author><author>Stéphane Denet</author><author>Arnaud Garnache</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Self-starting mode-locking is observed in a laser based on a compact III-V diode-pumped quantum-well surface-emitting semiconductor laser technology with a saturable-absorber-free but dispersive cavity. Continuous wave generation of picosecond pulses at a rate of 100 GHz is demonstrated by recording microwave intensity noises, beat frequency, time-resolved optical spectra, and intensity autocorrelation. Coherence of the pulse train is obtained through the frequency noise measurement of the demodulated beat note, demonstrating a timing jitter as low as 110 fs, near the quantum limit. Using a theoretical model based on a generalized Haus master equation, we demonstrate the existence of this mode locked state without the need for saturable absorption. The fundamental physical mechanism is the interplay between self-phase modulation and anomalous dispersion like in cavity soliton together with light–matter interaction-induced time symmetry breaking.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1138125</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1138125</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Self-chaotic microlasers for random bit generation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2023-02-24T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jin-Long Xiao</author><author>Zhi-Xiong Xiao</author><author>Chun-Guang Ma</author><author>You-Zeng Hao</author><author>Ya-Li Li</author><author>Yue-De Yang</author><author>Yong-Zhen Huang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Semiconductor lasers with optical feedback can produce plentiful non-linear dynamics, including periodic and chaotic oscillations, which are usually applied to microwave signals and physical random number generation, respectively. Chaotic semiconductor lasers are especially successful in generating random numbers compared with pseudorandom numbers generated by a computing process. We report a self-chaotic microlaser based on the internal mode interaction of nearly degenerate modes. A special resonator is designed and demonstrated with the two modes’ frequency intervals on the order of GHz. These modes with strong mode beating result in chaos, and physical random bits are obtained from the laser output power at 10 Gb/s. Our proposals provide a novel scheme to generate laser chaos for high-speed random number generation.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1066993</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2023.1066993</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Engineered octave frequency comb in integrated chalcogenide dual-ring microresonators]]></title>
        <pubdate>2023-01-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Zifu Wang</author><author>Liyang Luo</author><author>Di Xia</author><author>Siqi Lu</author><author>Guosheng Lin</author><author>Shecheng Gao</author><author>Zhaohui Li</author><author>Bin Zhang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Octave-spanning Kerr combs bridging the spectral windows of the near-infrared region (NIR) and the mid-infrared (MIR) region are expected in a number of applications, including high-capacity coherent optical communications, and gas molecular absorption footprints. Here, we propose novel concentric dual-ring microresonators (DRMs) for advanced dispersion engineering to tailor the comb spectral profile. The dispersion can be flexibly engineered not only by the cross-section of the DRMs, but also by the gap between concentric dual-ring microresonators, which provides a new path to geometrically control the spectral profile of the soliton Kerr combs. An octave-spanning Kerr soliton microcomb with multi-dispersive waves has been achieved numerically covering from the telecommunication band (1224 nm) to the mid-infrared band region (2913 nm) with a −40 dB bandwidth of 1265 nm. Our results are promising to fully understand the nonlinear dynamics in hybrid modes in DRMs, which helps control broadband comb formation.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.977343</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.977343</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Spatio-temporal dynamics in the mixed fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2022-09-29T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Alejandro Aceves</author><author>Austin Copeland</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The effective engineering of linear and nonlinear optical properties in photonic media has led to new advances in the theory and applications of spatio-temporal light–matter interactions. In some instances, research has been motivated by phenomena in a quantum mechanical framework; two notable examples being Anderson localization and parity–time symmetry. Herein, we present theoretical and numerical results on light propagation in the presence of fractional diffraction and classical dispersion, highlighting the role mixed functionality has on stability, spatio-temporal localization, and possible collapse events.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.960142</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.960142</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Light-focusing phenomena of field-tuned micro-lens made of polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystals]]></title>
        <pubdate>2022-09-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Ting-Hang Pei</author><author>Kei-Hsiung Yang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The analytical distribution of the electric field in a micro-lens made of polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystals (PS-BPLCs) between two electrodes has been derived, and ray bending and focusing for the o (ordinary) and e (extraordinary) rays caused by the field-induced extended Kerr effect on the PS-BPLC have also been calculated. Those calculations show that the focal lengths of most o rays are longer than those of e rays. The o and e rays result in a focal length of 11.6 cm at a Kerr constant of 2.3768 nm/V2 close to the experimental data, and the calculated focal spot diameter is about 80.0 μm. If the Kerr constant is decreased to 2.14 nm/V2, we can obtain a focal length of 13.1 cm, the same as the experimental data. This reduction in the Kerr constant is reasonable because it is still within the experimental error. In summary, our calculations reveal an efficient and accurate way to discuss the focusing phenomena in the PS-BPLC micro-lens.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.940902</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.940902</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Optimizing supercontinuum spectro-temporal properties by leveraging machine learning towards multi-photon microscopy]]></title>
        <pubdate>2022-09-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Van Thuy Hoang</author><author>Yassin Boussafa</author><author>Lynn Sader</author><author>Sébastien Février</author><author>Vincent Couderc</author><author>Benjamin Wetzel</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Multi-photon microscopy has played a significant role in biological imaging since it allows to observe living tissues with improved penetration depth and excellent sectioning effect. Multi-photon microscopy relies on multi-photon absorption, enabling the use of different imaging modalities that strongly depends on the properties of the sample structure, the selected fluorophore and the excitation laser. However, versatile and tunable laser excitation for multi-photon absorption is still a challenge, limited by e.g. the narrow bandwidth of typical laser gain medium or by the tunability of wavelength conversion offered by optical parametric oscillators or amplifiers. As an alternative, supercontinuum generation can provide broadband excitations spanning from the ultra-violet to far infrared domains and integrating numerous fluorophore absorption peaks, in turn enabling different imaging modalities or potential multiplexed spectroscopy. Here, we report on the use of machine learning to optimize the spectro-temporal properties of supercontinuum generation in order to selectively enhance multi-photon excitation signals compatible with a variety of fluorophores (or modalities) for multi-photon microscopy. Specifically, we numerically explore how the use of reconfigurable (femtosecond) pulse patterns can be readily exploited to control the nonlinear propagation dynamics and associated spectral broadening occurring in a highly-nonlinear fiber. In this framework, we show that the use of multiple pulses to seed optical fiber propagation can trigger a variety of nonlinear interactions and complex propagation scenarios. This approach, exploiting the temporal dimension as an extended degree of freedom, is used to maximize typical multi-photon excitations at selected wavelengths, here obtained in a versatile and reconfigurable manner suitable for imaging applications. We expect these results to pave the way towards on-demand and real time supercontinuum shaping, with further multi-photon microscopy improvements in terms of spatial 3D resolution, optical toxicity, and wavelength selectivity.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.985474</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.985474</link>
        <title><![CDATA[High speed two-photon laser scanning stereomicroscopy for three-dimension tracking multiple particles simultaneously in three-dimension]]></title>
        <pubdate>2022-09-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Xun Chen</author><author>Yang Li</author><author>Peng Chen</author><author>Hai Yao</author><author>Tong Ye</author>
        <description><![CDATA[In this paper, we will describe a video rate two-photon laser scanning stereomicroscopy for imaging-based three-dimensional particle tracking. Using a resonant galvanometer, we have now achieved 30 volumes per second (frame size 512 × 512) in volumetric imaging. Owing to the pulse multiplexing and demultiplexing techniques, the system does not suffer the speed loss for taking two parallax views of a volume. The switching time between left and right views is reduced to several nanoseconds. The extremely fast view switching and high volumetric imaging speed allow us to track fast transport processes of nanoparticles in deep light-scattering media. For instance, in 1%-intralipid solution and fibrillar scaffolds, the tracking penetration depth can be around 400 µm.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.953105</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.953105</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Generation of counterpropagating and spectrally uncorrelated photon-pair states by spontaneous four-wave mixing in photonic crystal waveguides]]></title>
        <pubdate>2022-08-19T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Sina Saravi</author><author>Yu Zhang</author><author>Xiao Chen</author><author>Mina Afsharnia</author><author>Frank Setzpfandt</author><author>Thomas Pertsch</author>
        <description><![CDATA[In this work, we propose and theoretically analyze a new scheme for generation of counterpropagating photon pairs in photonic crystal waveguides through the process of spontaneous four-wave mixing. Using the fundamental properties of periodic Bloch modes in a standard photonic crystal waveguide, we demonstrate how modal phase-matching can be reached between forward-propagating pump modes and counterpropagating signal and idler modes, for generation of degenerate and non-degenerate photon pairs. We then show how this scheme can be used for generation of photon pairs that are nearly uncorrelated in the spectral degree of freedom. Such a source will be highly interesting as a heralded source of single photons, especially as the spectrally separable signal and idler photons are also spatially separated directly at the source. We conduct our investigation based on a design in silicon, yet our design concept is general and can in principle be applied to any nanostructured material platform.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.951949</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.951949</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Group-index-matched frequency conversion in lithium niobate on insulator waveguides]]></title>
        <pubdate>2022-08-04T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Pawan Kumar </author><author>Mohammadreza Younesi </author><author>Sina Saravi </author><author>Frank Setzpfandt </author><author>Thomas Pertsch </author>
        <description><![CDATA[Sources of spectrally engineered photonic states are a key resource in several quantum technologies. Of particular importance are the so-called factorizable biphoton states, which possess no spectral entanglement and hence, are ideal for heralded generation of high-purity single photons. An essential prerequisite for generating these states through nonlinear frequency conversion is the control over the group indices of the photonic modes of the source. Here, we show that thin-film lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is an excellent platform for this purpose. We design and fabricate periodically poled ridge waveguides in LNOI to demonstrate group index engineering of its guided photonic modes and harness this control to experimentally realize on-chip group index matched type-II sum-frequency generation (SFG). Also, we numerically study the role of the top cladding layer in tuning the dispersion properties of the ridge waveguide structures and reveal a distinctive difference between the air and silica-clad designs which are currently among the two most common device cladding configurations in LNOI. We expect that these results will be relevant for various classical and quantum applications where dispersion control is crucial in tailoring the nonlinear response of the LNOI-based devices.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.853456</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.853456</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Frontiers in Photonics Spot Light]]></title>
        <pubdate>2022-03-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Bahman Anvari</author><author>Costantino De Angelis</author><author>Shujuan Huang</author><author>Natasha Litchinitser</author><author>Ting-Chung Poon</author><author>Giacomo Scalari</author><author>Bryce S. Richards</author><author>Marco Peccianti</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Recognizing remarkable achievements and innovations is an important mission in scientific dissemination. The editors of Frontiers in Photonics would like to acknowledge and give visibility to some of the best recent research outputs and to their authors in this spot-light review.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.834065</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2022.834065</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Frequency-to-Time Mapping Technique for Direct Spectral Characterization of Biphoton States From Pulsed Spontaneous Parametric Processes]]></title>
        <pubdate>2022-03-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Anahita Khodadad Kashi</author><author>Lynn Sader</author><author>Raktim Haldar</author><author>Benjamin Wetzel</author><author>Michael Kues</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The well-established frequency-to-time mapping technique is employed as a convenient and time-efficient method to directly characterize the spectral correlations of biphoton states from a pulsed-excited spontaneous parametric down-conversion process. We were enabled by this technique to implement for the first time, the spectral Hanbury-Brown and Twiss measurement, revealing directly the single frequency-mode bandwidth of the biphoton state.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2021.788174</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2021.788174</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Mid-Infrared Frequency Generation via Intermodal Difference Frequency Generation in AlGaAs-On-Insulator Waveguides]]></title>
        <pubdate>2021-12-16T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jack Haines</author><author>Marco Gandolfi</author><author>Yohann Franz</author><author>Costantino De Angelis</author><author>Massimiliano Guasoni</author>
        <description><![CDATA[We investigate theoretically mid-infrared (MIR) generation via difference frequency generation in multimode AlGaAs-on insulator (AlGaAs-OI) waveguides. The large refractive index difference between the AlGaAs core and the silica cladding shrinks the modes size down to the sub-μm2 scale, and, together with AlGaAs strong second-order nonlinear polarization, empowers strong nonlinear effects. As a result, efficient MIR generation is obtained in few-cm long waveguides with sub-μm2 transverse section, where higher order modes are exploited to achieve the phase-matching condition. These observations suggest that multimode AlGaAs-OI waveguides could represent a novel promising platform for on-chip, compact MIR sources.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2021.746341</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2021.746341</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Retrieving Linear and Nonlinear Optical Dispersions of Matter: Combined Experiment-Numerical Ellipsometry in Silicon, Gold and Indium Tin Oxide]]></title>
        <pubdate>2021-09-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>L. Rodríguez-Suné</author><author>J. Trull</author><author>N. Akozbek</author><author>D. de Ceglia</author><author>M. A. Vincenti</author><author>M. Scalora</author><author>C. Cojocaru</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The predominant methods currently used to determine nonlinear optical constants like the nonlinear refractive index n2 or the third order susceptibility χ(3) rely mostly on experimental, open and closed z-scan techniques and beam deflection methods. While these methods work well when the linear absorption is relatively small or negligible, the retrieval process is more complicated for a strongly scattering, dispersive or absorbing medium. The study of optics at the nanoscale in the picosecond or femtosecond laser pulsed regimes demands the development of new theoretical tools, and diverse experimental approaches, to extract and verify both linear and nonlinear optical dispersions exhibited by matter, especially when material constituents are fashioned into nanostructures of arbitrary shape. We present a practical, combined experimental and theoretical approach based on the hydrodynamic model that uses experimental results of harmonic generation conversion efficiencies to retrieve complex, nonlinear dispersion curves, not necessarily only for third order processes. We provide examples for materials that are of special interest to nanophotonics, for example, silicon, gold, and indium tin oxide (ITO), which displays nonlocal effects and a zero-crossing of the real part of the dielectric constant. The results for silicon and gold compare well with analytical predictions of nonlinear dispersion based on the nonlinear oscillator model. Based on our assessment of third harmonic generation conversion efficiencies in silicon, we predict χω(3) and χ3ω(3) are of order 10−17 (m/V)2 in the visible and near IR ranges, with respective peaks of 10−14 (m/V)2 and 10−16 (m/V)2 in the UV range. Similarly, gold’s χω(3) and χ3ω(3) are of order 10−17–10−16 (m/V)2, and predict χω(3)∼10−17(m/V)2 and χ3ω(3)∼10−18(m/V)2 for ITO. These results clearly suggest that judicious exploitation of the nonlinear dispersion of ordinary semiconductors has the potential to transform device physics in spectral regions that extend well into the UV range.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2020.628215</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphot.2020.628215</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Nonlinear Optics]]></title>
        <pubdate>2021-01-26T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Specialty Grand Challenge</category>
        <author>Costantino De Angelis</author>
        <description></description>
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