AUTHOR=Avraham Yehonatan , Pinchas Monika TITLE=Performance of the modified clock skew estimator and its upper bound for the IEEE 1588v2 (PTP) case under packet loss and fractional Gaussian noise environment JOURNAL=Frontiers in Physics VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2023 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physics/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1222735 DOI=10.3389/fphy.2023.1222735 ISSN=2296-424X ABSTRACT=Precision Time Protocol (PTP) is a time protocol based on the Master and Slave exchanging messages with time stamps. In practical PTP systems, we have packet loss, a phenomenon where some of the PTP messages get lost in the Network. Packet loss may reduce the performance of the clock skew estimator from the mean square error (MSE) perspective. Recently, the same authors presented simulation results that show the clock skew performance of the three clock skew estimators (the two-way delay (TWD) clock skew estimator and the one-way delay (OWD) clock skew estimators for the Forward and Reverse paths) under the packet loss case in the fractional Gaussian noise (fGn) environment with Hurst exponent parameter (H) in the range of 0.5≤H<1, where indeed the clock skew performance was degraded compared to the non-packet loss case. Please note that for 0.5