AUTHOR=Bláha P. , Prise K. M. , Borghesi M. , Cammarata F. P. , Catalano R. , Chaudhary P. , Cirrone G. A. P. , Davídková M. , Doria D. , Forte G. I. , Grepl F. , Hideghéty K. , Istokskaia V. , Manti L. , McCay A. , Navrátil M. , Novák J. , Pappalardo A. , Petringa G. , Russo G. , Schettino G. , Schillaci F. , Szabó E. R. , Szotkowski P. , Tryus M. , Vannucci L. E. , Vondráček V. , Margarone D. , Giuffrida L. 

TITLE=ELIMAIA-ELIMED: a new user platform for radiobiological research utilizing laser-driven protons

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Physics

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physics/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1567622

DOI=10.3389/fphy.2025.1567622

ISSN=2296-424X

ABSTRACT=The ELIMAIA-ELIMED beamline, powered by the L3 HAPLS petawatt laser, enables the irradiation of biological samples with intermediate-energy laser-driven protons (LDP) in a multi-shot regime. In the pilot radiobiological experiment, protons with a mean energy of ∼24 MeV and doses up to ∼14 mGy per shot, with ∼4 ns bunch duration, were used to irradiate AG01522 normal human skin fibroblasts. The shortest irradiation time achieved was down to ∼17 min/Gy, while the mean and peak dose rates reached ∼1 × 10−3 and 3.5 × 106 Gy/s, respectively. The cells were exposed to doses ranging from ∼0.4 to 1.5 Gy and analyzed for DNA damage, with double-strand breaks visualized as 53BP1 foci. Despite the differences in shot exposures between the multi-shot LDP and the previous experiments (at other facility) with single-shot LDP, similar DNA damage responses were observed. Results with conventionally accelerated protons align closely with the corresponding single-shot LDP samples. These experimental results were achieved as part of the flagship experiment FLAIM (within the IMPULSE EU-funded project) and serve as an initial demonstration of the ELIMAIA-ELIMED platform’s potential for advanced radiobiological research, creating new opportunities for such studies utilizing laser-driven ion sources.