AUTHOR=Fu Yuequn , Flekkøy Eirik Grude 

TITLE=Molecular simulations of cavitation bubble dynamics

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Physics

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physics/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1614785

DOI=10.3389/fphy.2025.1614785

ISSN=2296-424X

ABSTRACT=We study the cavitation bubble that forms as a nano-scale spherical surface is detached from a flat surface using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This investigation maps the onset and early development stages of cavitation at the nanoscale. We study the effects of variable pulling speeds and ambient pressures on the dynamics of the vapor bubble. It was observed that a higher pulling speed increases the cavitation volume but reduces the bubble’s lifetime. On the other hand, ambient pressure variations significantly influence both the maximum volume and the collapse rate of the cavitation. The results are summarized in a phase diagram that displays the effects of these varying pulling speeds and ambient pressures. Significantly, the study corroborates a Family-Vicsek scaling law for the bubble volume evolution.