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        <title>Frontiers in Physics | Fluid Dynamics section | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physics/sections/fluid-dynamics</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Fluid Dynamics section in the Frontiers in Physics journal | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-04-07T19:48:27.473+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
        <item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1775533</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1775533</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Transient search driven random forest model for predicting diluted heavy crude oil viscosity]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-31T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Sushindh Anandan</author><author>Jayasudha M</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Viscosity is a basic thermophysical property that determines the flow characteristics of single phase oil such as crude oil. Accurate estimation of diluted heavy crude oil viscosity is important for laboratory characterization and operational handling of heavy oils. In this research, a ML based approach is presented for estimating the viscosity of diluted heavy crude oil samples measured in laboratory conditions. A total of 245 experimental datasets were collected using a Brookfield DV2T viscometer. In this experiment, heavy crude oil was mixed with lighter oil at different dilution rates and temperatures. The major input parameters considered are heavy crude oil viscosity, lighter oil viscosity, dilution rate and temperature. To improve the performance of the model, Min-Max normalization was used for data scaling and Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) was used for nonlinear feature extraction. A Transient Search driven Random Forest Regression (TS-RFR) model was introduced to optimize hyperparameters and enhance predictive performance. The performance of the proposed model was assessed using Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), coefficient of determination (R2) and Percentage of Accuracy-Precision (PAP). The comparative analysis with the existing ML models, such as MLP-ANN, SVR and LightGBM, reveals that the proposed TS-RFR model performs better with RMSE = 0.2976, MAE = 0.1005, MSE = 0.1015, R2 = 97.35% and PAP = 92.35%. The analysis clearly shows that the proposed model is a reliable and efficient tool for estimation of diluted crude oil viscosity.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1734004</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1734004</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: Dynamics of complex fluids]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-10T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>Arvind Gopinath</author><author>Amgad Salama</author><author>Francisco Vega Reyes</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1688535</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1688535</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Fluidization and defluidization induced by an underground leaking pipe under different conditions]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Huaqing Wang</author><author>Zhaolin Zheng</author><author>Tingchao Yu</author><author>Yiyi Ma</author><author>Yiping Zhang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Soil fluidization induced by underground pipe leakage represents one of the primary causes of frequent ground collapses in urban areas. This study conducted experimental model tests to characterize the fluidization and defluidization processes resulting from water jetting caused by a buried leaking pipe under varying conditions of sand particle size, overlying sand bed height, and pipe leaking slot size. Under different overlying sand bed heights (50–70 cm) and pipe slot widths (6–8 mm), the critical fluidization flow rate remained constant. The head loss in the sand-water system consisted mainly of orifice head loss, seepage head loss, and sand particle vortex head loss. The orifice head loss was independent of sand bed height but showed a negative correlation with slot width. The vortex head loss was influenced by cavity height, and empirical equations were proposed to describe it. In addition, the arching effect was analyzed quantitatively by introducing two indicators: average intensity and sustained intensity, which represented the magnitude and duration of the arching effect, respectively. Greater sand bed heights and larger slot sizes resulted in a higher average intensity of the arching effect. Finally, the application of a Froude number for identifying the inception of fluidization was validated based on the experimental results.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1740818</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1740818</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Numerical simulations using finite-element scheme for the optimization of micropolar tri-hybrid nanofluids with periodic gravitational disturbance and heat source/sink effects]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-12T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Rania Saadeh</author><author>Suad Alrebdi</author><author>A. M. Obalalu</author><author>Ayodeji Felix Isarinade</author><author>Umair Khan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Advancing heat transfer mechanisms in gravitationally varying environments is crucial for improving engineering applications in aerospace engineering, astrophysics, spacecraft, and satellites. Motivated by these applications, this study examines the influence of periodic variations in gravitational acceleration and externally applied magnetic fields on heat and momentum transfer over an inclined stretching sheet situated in an upper-atmosphere or microgravity regime. The thermophysical properties of glycerine, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), gold (Au), and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) are incorporated to evaluate their contributions to enhancing thermal conductivity and heat transport performance. The transformed governing equations are numerically solved using the finite element method (FEM), with simulations executed in Wolfram Mathematica to assess the impact of key physical parameters. The results indicate that hybrid and ternary hybrid nanofluids substantially outperform mono nanofluids. Specifically, the ternary hybrid nanofluid yields up to a 31.6% increase in temperature distribution and a 27.4% rise in velocity magnitude relative to the base nanofluid. An increase in the micropolar material parameter enhances fluid motion, producing an 18.2% increase in velocity, while increasing the Hartmann number reduces the velocity by approximately 22.9%, confirming the expected magnetic damping effect. Additionally, both the skin-friction coefficient and the Nusselt number increase with higher gravity modulation amplitudes, showing up to a 24.7% rise in shear stress and a 29.3% improvement in heat transfer rate. Overall, the findings demonstrate the superior heat transport capability of ternary hybrid nanofluids under fluctuating gravity conditions, highlighting their potential for advanced thermal management in space and microgravity engineering applications.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1702044</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1702044</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Numerical simulations of liquid jetting with solid inclusions]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-12-04T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Arnab Ghosh</author><author>Alessandro Gabbana</author><author>Herman Wijshoff </author><author>Herman J. H. Clercx </author><author>Federico Toschi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The dynamics of finite-sized particles in fluids, and their influence on the overall flow, are of great interest across several industrial, environmental, and medical fields. In the context of inkjet printing, the presence of solid inclusions can be either intentional, as in additive manufacturing, or unintentional, as in standard printing processes. These inclusions can strongly impact the jetting process, causing effects such as jet asymmetry, bubble entrapment, and the formation of satellite droplets. Understanding and controlling particle behavior is therefore essential, particularly to predict how and when particles are ejected over multiple jetting cycles. It is therefore critical to develop reliable models that allow for a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between particle and fluid during the whole printing process. To address this, we present a tailored implementation of the Color-Gradient multicomponent Lattice Boltzmann Method for fully resolved three-dimensional (3D) simulations of multicycle liquid jetting with particles. Our method supports realistic parameter settings aligned with industrial inkjet systems, and we provide both qualitative and quantitative validation against experimental data. Additionally, we introduce a simplified model based on the Stokes drag law, in which solid particles are represented as point particles and do not influence the fluid flow. Despite this limitation, the model offers a computationally efficient means to explore the vast parameter space typically encountered in industrial applications, allowing, e.g., identifying critical ejection regions and estimating the number of cycles required for particle release. These qualitative insights are valuable for guiding and complement fully two-way coupled simulations.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1662229</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1662229</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Innovative efficient approaches to (IV) fluid administration: the role of multiple (IV) lines in enhancing flow rates]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-11-25T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Slawomir Oleszak</author><author>Jerome Belford</author><author>Daryn Moller</author><author>Ralph Epstein</author><author>Jason Lee</author><author>Sergio Bergese</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Fluid therapy is essential for maintaining circulatory homeostasis and ensuring adequate oxygen delivery to tissues during surgery and certain traumatic conditions. According to Poiseuille’s Law, flow rate is influenced by pressure gradient, tubing radius, tubing length, and fluid viscosity; however, clinical situations often necessitate the use of smaller gauge catheters (for example, 20-gauge) due to poor vein quality or limited access, which significantly reduces flow. The main goal of this study was to develop a means of improving rates of fluid resuscitation in such situations. Conventional strategies, such as high-pressure infusion devices, can increase flow but also carry risks including venous rupture and air embolism. In this laboratory-based study, we investigated whether connecting multiple IV systems to a single catheter could improve flow rates in scenarios where catheter gauge size is limited. We hypothesized that adding IV systems would improve flow rates in accordance with Poiseuille’s law. Using 16-gauge, 18-gauge, and 20-gauge catheters (internal diameter 16G (gauge) ≈1.7 mm; 18G, ≈1.3 mm; 20G, ≈1.0 mm) at three different heights (110 cm, 140 cm, 170 cm), we compared flow achieved with one, two, or three IV systems to that produced by a pressure bag set at 250 mm of mercury (millimeters of mercury (mmHg)). Our findings demonstrated that multiple IV systems significantly increased flow rates; for example, with a 20-gauge catheter at 110 cm, the flow rate increased from 38.87 mL per minute (mL/min) with a single pressured system to 45.25 mL/min using three gravity-fed systems—an improvement of approximately 16.4%. Similar enhancements were observed across other catheter sizes and heights. These results suggest that using multiple IV systems can provide a practical, lower-risk alternative to pressurized infusion for situations requiring rapid resuscitation, especially in patients with difficult access or fragile veins. Further clinical trials are warranted to validate these findings and assess their applicability in real-world settings.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1652090</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1652090</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Capturing the kinematics and dynamics of fluid fronts]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-10-23T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Joseph Thalakkottor</author><author>Kamran Mohseni</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Gibbs was the first person to represent a phase interface by a dividing surface. He defined the dividing surface as a mathematical surface that has its own material properties and internal dynamics. In this paper, an alternative derivation to this mathematical surface is provided that generalizes the concept of dividing surface to fluid fronts beyond that of just a phase or material interface. Here, this extended definition of dividing surface is referred to as the extended dividing hypersurface (EDH), as it is not just applicable to a surface front but also to a line and a point front. This hypersurface represents a continuum approximation of a diffused region, where fluid properties and flow parameters vary sharply but continuously across it. This paper shows that the properties and equations describing an EDH can be derived from the equations describing the diffused region by integrating it in the directions normal to the hypersurface. This is equivalent to collapsing the diffused region in the normal direction. Hence, ensuring that the EDH is both kinematically and dynamically equivalent to that of the diffused region. Various canonical problems are examined to demonstrate the EDH’s ability to accurately represent different types of fluid and flow fronts, including static and dynamic interfaces, shock fronts, and vortex sheets. These examples emphasize the EDH’s capability to represent various functionalities within a front, the relationship between the flux of quantities and hypersurface quantities, and the importance of considering the mass of the front and associated dynamics.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1705908</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1705908</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Mini-review: air-assisted spray nozzles and applications]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-10-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Mini Review</category>
        <author>Yuanfeng Zhao</author><author>Yunlong Huang</author><author>Zhixia He</author><author>Wenjun Zhong</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This mini-review summarizes the fundamental principle, spray phenomena, and atomization mechanism of air-assisted spray nozzles, and applications in various aerospace propulsion systems, agriculture irrigation, and some promising areas. The structural configurations and atomization mechanisms of air-assisted nozzles are first introduced, followed by an analysis of key design parameters and their influence on atomization performance. The air-assisted atomization process is further characterized through typical flow regimes, vortex identification techniques, and integrated experimental–numerical approaches. Current practical applications are reviewed, along with potential optimization strategies for nozzle design. Future development directions should emphasize integration with smart agriculture technologies to address emerging demands and challenges in agricultural irrigation and atomization systems.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1632903</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1632903</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Reduced-order aerodynamic model of a starting plate with discrete-vortex merging]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-09-16T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Xi Xia</author><author>Lingyun Shangguan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This study employs potential flow theory with a discrete-vortex method to model the unsteady aerodynamics of a flat plate, with a particular focus on the coupled dynamics of leading-edge and trailing-edge vortices (LEVs and TEVs). Through the simulation of an impulsively starting plate at 45° angle-of-attack, we demonstrate that the initial strong lift production maintaining for approximately two chord lengths of travel arises from differential vortex advection rates—rapid TEV shedding generates strong positive lift, while slow LEV movement over the plate produces weaker negative contributions. This finding provides new physical insight into the LEV-induced lift enhancement that it is likely a consequence of reduced negative lift rather than enhanced positive lift generation, as the LEV slows down to become more stable. To reduce computational complexity while preserving physical fidelity, we develop a novel vortex merge algorithm based on conservations of circulation and momentum, coupled with a condition enforcing minimal velocity perturbation to the plate surface. Through comparisons with both single-vortex and full discrete-vortex models, we demonstrate the superior performance of our reduced-order approach in capturing wake structure evolution and predicting unsteady lift, while balancing computational efficiency across a tunable range of precision. The developed model proves especially effective for long-time or small-time-step calculations, offering significant computational savings without compromising the fidelity of vortex dynamics or force predictions.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1621236</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1621236</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Predictive modeling of airfoil aerodynamics via support vector machines]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-09-15T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Shakeel Ahmed</author><author>Khurram Kamal</author><author>Tahir Abdul Hussain Ratlamwala</author><author>Borhen Louhichi</author><author>Nashmi H. Alrasheedi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The aerodynamic properties of fluids flowing around a wing or an airfoil are typically predicted through wind tunnel testing (experimental) or through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations numerically. Although the numerical solutions are considered a low-cost alternative to the experimental efforts with a slight compromise on forecast accuracy, they consume a significant amount of time and computational resources, especially during the initial iterative design phases. The current boom of machine learning in engineering applications, data-driven surrogates such as support vector machines, offers promising potential in aerodynamic modeling. This work investigates the efficacy of support vector machines in forecasting the lift coefficient and the drag coefficient of four different NACA airfoils under varying flow conditions. Six different variants of SVM, including linear, quadratic, cubic, fine Gaussian, medium Gaussian, and coarse Gaussian SVMs, were used to forecast the aerodynamic coefficients of drag and lift. Almost all the models evaluated performed well in predicting the aerodynamic coefficients; however, Cubic SVM outperformed other models, achieving the lowest RMSE of 5.364 × 10-3 for drag coefficient and 40.702 × 10-3 for lift coefficient, and correlation coefficient values exceeding 0.995, indicating excellent correlation between the tested and predicted data. Contrarily, the linear and quadratic SVMs were the least effective for drag coefficient and lift coefficient predictions, with the highest RMSE of 14.156 × 10-3 and 93.703 × 10-3, respectively, with correlation coefficient values above 0.9650. These findings indicate the efficacy of machine learning in aerodynamic prediction and pave the way for faster airfoil design, particularly in applications requiring rapid iteration and low computational cost.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1674248</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1674248</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Applications of jet–jet/film impingement for atomization enhancement]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-09-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Mini Review</category>
        <author>Chengming He</author><author>Zehao Feng</author><author>Zhenyu Zhang</author><author>Zhixia He</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This mini-review mainly focuses on the fundamental problem of jet–jet/film impingement exhibiting superior fragmentation and atomization characteristics compared to single-jet injection; this has been widely used in agricultural irrigation and combustion propulsion systems. First, it presents the main controlling parameters and spray characteristic for both jet–jet and jet–film configurations, analyzes the breakup mechanisms, and points out the coupling between jet fragmentation processes and collision-induced or externally imposed vorticity fields. Then, the atomization enhancement of jet–jet or jet–film impingement is explained from the aspects of vortex generation, evolution, identification, and the interactions between vorticity fields and spray fields. Finally, representative applications of jet–jet/film impingement in agricultural engineering and aerospace engineering are introduced so as to achieve spatially uniform spray distribution and efficient fuel/oxidizer mixing characteristics. Future advancements require breakthroughs in cross-scale vortex–ligament interaction diagnostics and intelligent control of variable-viscosity fluids to promote deep implementation of this technology in clean energy systems.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1614785</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1614785</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Molecular simulations of cavitation bubble dynamics]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-07-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yuequn Fu</author><author>Eirik Grude Flekkøy</author>
        <description><![CDATA[We study the cavitation bubble that forms as a nano-scale spherical surface is detached from a flat surface using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This investigation maps the onset and early development stages of cavitation at the nanoscale. We study the effects of variable pulling speeds and ambient pressures on the dynamics of the vapor bubble. It was observed that a higher pulling speed increases the cavitation volume but reduces the bubble’s lifetime. On the other hand, ambient pressure variations significantly influence both the maximum volume and the collapse rate of the cavitation. The results are summarized in a phase diagram that displays the effects of these varying pulling speeds and ambient pressures. Significantly, the study corroborates a Family-Vicsek scaling law for the bubble volume evolution.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1533252</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1533252</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A two-stage computational approach for stochastic Darcy-forchheimer non-newtonian flows]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-04-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Muhammad Shoaib Arif</author><author>Kamaleldin Abodayeh</author><author>Yasir Nawaz</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The study of stochastic non-Newtonian fluid flows in porous media has significant applications in engineering and scientific fields, particularly in geophysical transport, biomedical flows, and industrial filtration systems. This research develops a high-order numerical scheme to solve deterministic and stochastic partial differential equations governing the Darcy–Forchheimer flow of Williamson fluid over a stationary sheet. This study aims to formulate and validate a computationally efficient two-stage method that accurately captures the effects of non-Newtonian behavior, porous media resistance, and stochastic perturbations. The proposed two-stage numerical method integrates a modified time integrator with a second-stage Runge-Kutta scheme, ensuring second-order accuracy in time for deterministic problems. The Euler-Maruyama approach handles Wiener processes for stochastic models, providing robust performance under random fluctuations. A compact sixth-order spatial discretization scheme enhances solution accuracy while maintaining computational efficiency. Numerical experiments, including Stokes’ first problem, demonstrate the superior accuracy and reliability of the proposed method compared to existing second-order Runge-Kutta schemes. The results confirm that the technique effectively captures complex interactions between deterministic and stochastic effects while significantly improving computational efficiency. This study advances numerical techniques for stochastic fluid dynamics, providing a practical framework for modeling and analyzing non-Newtonian fluid flows in porous media with real-world applications in engineering, geophysics, and industrial systems.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1449056</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1449056</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Mechanism of turbulence modulation of sediment-laden flow for the case of equilibrium suspended-load transport]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-03-03T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Haonan Xie</author><author>Huiyi Cai</author><author>Hao Wang</author><author>Dabao Fu</author><author>Naixing Xu</author><author>Dongze Xu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The interphase interaction between water flow and sediment and particle collision in sediment laden flow will modulate the flow turbulence. Due to the complexity of suspended sediment movement, the mechanism of water-sediment interaction has always been a difficult point in the study, especially the modulation law of water-sediment interaction on flow turbulence has not reached a consistent conclusion. It is of great significance for the study of sediment laden flow to optimize the construction of the numerical model of water and sediment. In this study, a Euler solid–liquid two-phase flow model was used to investigate the effects of drag force, density gradient, and particle collisions generated by natural sand and plastic sand on flow characteristics under the condition of different sediment concentrations for the case of equilibrium suspended-load transport, so as to determine the degree of influence of various factors in the numerical simulation process on the turbulent flow properties. Results showed that the presence of sediment particles changes the flow velocity, sediment concentration distribution, and turbulent energy distribution, and that such effects strengthen with increase in sediment concentration. The effects of drag force and particle collisions on the resistance coefficient and on flow velocity are dominant. The drag force tends to reduce the resistance coefficient and increase flow velocity, whereas particle collisions produce the opposite effect. The density gradient and particle collisions are the dominant factors affecting the turbulent diffusion coefficient of the suspended load and the vertical distribution of the sediment concentration. However, they produce opposite effects that partially cancel each other. With increase in sediment concentration, the effect of sediment particles on the turbulence of sediment-laden flow increases; the drag force and density gradient inhibit turbulence, and particle collisions promote turbulence.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1456256</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1456256</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Mitigating surface vortex formation in pump sump intakes through anti-vortex devices: a comprehensive CFD study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-12-05T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Abdulaziz S. Alaboodi</author><author>Zahid Hussain</author><author>Saqlain Abbas</author><author>Masood ur Rehman</author><author>Asim Zulfiqar</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The formation of surface vortices in axial pump sumps presents a significant challenge to pump performance, primarily due to the risk of impeller cavitation. As such, effective mitigation strategies are imperative. In this study, the strength of surface vortices was successfully reduced to a safe operational level by employing two distinct types of anti-vortex devices (AVDs): triangular side fins type (AVDSF) and ring type (AVDR). Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques were employed to reveal a substantial decrease in surface vorticity from 38 s-1 in the absence of AVDs to approximately 8 s-1 with either AVDSFs or AVDRs, underscoring their remarkable efficacy. Further, the helicity, a measure of vortex twisting, was reduced from about 0.4 m2s-2 to below 0.1 m2s-2 with the introduction of either side fins or ring-type AVDs. Detailed analyses of velocity streamlines contours elucidated that the suppression of surface vortices could be attributed to the disruption of vortex swirl motion induced by the implementation of AVDs. These findings provide crucial insights into the mechanisms underlying surface vortex suppression, thus paving the way for enhanced pump performance and reliability in axial pump’s suction sump applications. The implementation of AVDs is expected to prevent cavitation, air ingress, and vortex-induced vibrations, resulting in more reliable and efficient pump operation in industrial settings.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1498648</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1498648</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Influence of speed on the internal flow characteristics of a multiphase pump based on a coupled CFD-PBM model]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-12-04T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Xin Guo</author><author>Guangtai Shi</author><author>Hongqiang Chai</author><author>Wenjuan Lv</author><author>Jie Fu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Under the influence of the characteristic behavior of the bubbles, the flow pattern in the multiphase pump suffers a serious deterioration and the pressurization performance is significantly reduced. In order to be more close to the engineering practice, the CFD-PBM (Computational Fluid Dynamics-Population Balance Model) coupling model is established and verified on the basis of considering the bubble coalescence and breakup behavior, revealing the bubble distribution characteristics in the pressurization unit, and studying the influence of speed on the internal flow characteristics of the multiphase pump. The results show that the volume fraction of large bubbles in the pressurization unit of the multiphase pump decreases significantly with increasing speed, and the bubble coalescence zone shrinks parallel to the blade profile along the flow direction. The volume fraction of small bubbles increases sharply with speed, and the bubble breakup zone covers almost the entire fluid domain at high speed conditions. The speed has a significantly greater influence on the distribution of the gas phase and the vortex structure in the diffuser domain than in the impeller domain. In the diffuser domain, a pair of mutually separate vortices are formed, and a large number of gas phases are sucked near the vortex center. With the increase of speed, the velocity slip in impeller domain is weakened, but in diffuser domain is intensified. The results of the study can accurately predict the performance variation of the multiphase pump and are important for their optimal design and engineering application.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1443986</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1443986</link>
        <title><![CDATA[On the analytical soliton-like solutions to (2+1)-dimensional fractional asymmetric Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov system arising in incompressible fluids]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-11-27T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Humaira Yasmin</author><author>Albandari W. Alrowaily</author><author>Mounirah Areshi</author><author>Rasool Shah</author><author>S. A. El-Tantawy</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Due to the numerous applications of the Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov system (NNVS) in fluid mechanics, thus, the current investigation is focused on studying the fractional form of this model to reveal the ambiguity around many nonlinear phenomena that arise in different fluid medias. Accordingly, we aim to derive several families of symmetric solitons and traveling wave solutions to the (2 + 1)-dimensional fractional asymmetric NNVS (FANNVS), defined in conformable fractional derivatives’ sense. For this purpose, a groundbreaking analytical technique known as the modified extended direct algebraic method (mEDAM) is utilized to solve and analyze the FANNVS. According to this method, four cases with several families of soliton-like solutions are derived. Our research uncovers various soliton solutions, including solitary waves, periodic waves, shocks, dual shock waves (lump waves), and anti-shock waves. These solutions are graphically discussed to understand their dynamical proprieties against the fractional parameters. This broad range of soliton-like solutions supports the relevance of our findings and demonstrates the effectiveness of our methodology. These findings significantly advance the field by deepening our understanding of solitonic behavior in FANNVS and demonstrating the effectiveness of the medium approach in solving challenging nonlinear systems.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1409318</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1409318</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Entropy generation in radiative motion of tangent hyperbolic nanofluid in the presence of gyrotactic microorganisms and activation energy]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-10-25T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yong Wu</author><author>Munaza Chaudhry</author><author>Noureen Maqbool</author><author>Madeeha Tahir</author><author>Muhammad Abdul Basit</author><author>Muhammad Imran</author>
        <description><![CDATA[In this work, entropy generation is optimized through the application of the second law of thermodynamics. The slip mechanisms, Brownian diffusions, and thermophoresis are elaborated using the tangent hyperbolic nanomaterial model. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fluid is taken into consideration. To characterize the impact of activation energy, a unique model involving the binary chemical reaction is deployed. The effects of mixed convection that is nonlinear in nature, bioconvection, and Joule effect are all taken into consideration. The key partial differential equations (PDEs) are reduced into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by utilizing appropriate similarity transformations and then solved numerically with the help of a built-in ‘bvp4c’ technique of MATLAB software. Varied flow parameters’ impacts on the nanoparticle volume concentration, entropy number, microorganism concentration, temperature, and velocity fields are analyzed using graphs. Various flow variables are taken into consideration to calculate the total rate of entropy generation. The obtained results show that concentration irreversibility, Joule effect irreversibility, viscous dissipation, and heat irreversibility all influence the entropy. The numerical outcomes were observed by fixing the physical parameters as 0.1<α<4.0, 0.1<M<1.2, 0.1<Nr<2.2, 0.1<Le<2.2, 0.1<Nb<0.4, 0.1<Nt<1.0, 2.0<⁡Pr⁡<5.0, and 0.1<Lb<2.0, as well as their impact on the momentum, thermal, concentration, and microorganism density profiles. From results, an increasing estimate of the variable representing chemical reaction indicates a decline in the concentration. The higher the chemical reaction variable, Hartmann number, and Weissenberg number, the higher the entropy number, while the Bejan number has a contrary behavior. Subsequently, all the outcomes are plotted in graphs and discussed in detail, when subjected to the involving physical quantities.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1480376</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1480376</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Precise and accurate speed measurements in rapidly flowing dense suspensions]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-10-23T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Esmaeel Moghimi</author><author>Daniel L. Blair</author><author>Jeffrey S. Urbach</author>
        <description><![CDATA[We introduce a method for precise and accurate measurements of particle speeds in dense suspensions flowing at high rates and demonstrate the utility of the approach for revealing complex flow fluctuations during shearing in a setup that combines imaging with a confocal microscope and shearing with a rheometer. We scan the focal point in one dimension, aligned with direction of flow, producing absolute measurements of speed that are independent of suspension structure and particle shape. We compare this flow-direction line scanning approach with a complementary method we introduced previously, measuring speed using line scanning in the vorticity direction. By comparing results in various flow conditions, including shear-thinning and thickening regimes, we demonstrate the efficacy of our new approach. We find that both approaches exhibit qualitatively similar flow profiles, but a comparative analysis reveals a 15%–25% overestimation in speed measurement using vorticity line scanning, with discrepancies generated by anisotropic suspension microstructure under flow. Moreover, in the thickening regime where complex flow fields are present, both approaches capture local speed fluctuations. However, line scanning in the flow direction reveals and precisely captures stagnation and backflows, a capability not achievable with vorticity line scanning. The approach introduced here not only provides a refined technique for speed measurement in fast-flowing suspensions but also emphasizes the significance of accurate measurement techniques in advancing our understanding of flow behavior in dense suspensions, particularly in contexts where strong non-affine flows are prevalent.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1437171</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1437171</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Comparative analysis of the influence of different shapes of shaft sections on dust transportation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-09-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jie Liu</author><author>Xuehua Luo</author><author>Wanqing Wang</author><author>Liangyun Teng</author><author>Chenwei Hao</author><author>Fei Cai</author><author>Yi Chen</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Large amounts of dust are generated during digging operations in underground mines, and the transportation of dust is affected by the shape of the roadway section. In order to know the dust transportation law of different cross-section shapes when digging. Fluent software was used to simulate the distribution of wind flow field, dust transportation trajectory, and dust quality concentration in roadways with semicircular arch, three-centered arch, rectangle and trapezium, and then analyze and compare the influence of four cross-section shapes on dust transportation, and use gray correlation analysis to investigate the correlation between the time needed to reduce the dust quality concentration of the roadway to the safe value and the ventilation air volume and air supply distance. The results of the study show that the wind speed in the roadway is in the following order from high to low: rectangle > trapezium > three-centered arch > semicircular arch. Dust particles of each size rubbed each other after blasting, and there were fewer dust particles with larger sizes in the three-centered arch roadway. Both the air supply distance and ventilation air volume impact the dust removal effect; when the air supply distances are 5 m and 10 m, the three-centered arch has a better dust removal effect; when the air supply distances are 15 m and 20 m, the effect is better in the rectangular roadway and trapezoidal roadway; and when the ventilation air volume is increased, it is the three-centered arch. Through the gray correlation analysis, it can be seen that in order to improve the construction environment in the roadway after blasting, the rectangular section can be chosen when considering the air supply distance, and the three-centered arch can be chosen when considering the ventilation air volume.]]></description>
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