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        <title>Frontiers in Physics | Interdisciplinary Physics section | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physics/sections/interdisciplinary-physics</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Interdisciplinary Physics section in the Frontiers in Physics journal | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
        <generator>Frontiers Feed Generator,version:1</generator>
        <pubDate>2026-10-26T10:17:14.201+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
        <item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1988637</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1988637</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Resource optimization for RIS-UAV integrated air-ground cooperative semantic communication driven by deep reinforcement learning]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-10-26T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yufei Dai</author><author>Yuanyuan Yao</author><author>Sai Huang</author><author>Xinwei Yue</author>
        <description><![CDATA[To meet the 6G semantic transmission requirements, this paper proposes an air-ground dual-mode semantic transmission architecture for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS)-aided Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks. By dynamically assigning RIS-reflected links to users with long packets and direct UAV line-of-sight (LOS) links to users with short packets, we jointly optimize semantic symbols, RIS phase shifts, UAV three-dimensional (3D) trajectory, and transmit power to maximize the system-level semantic Quality of Experience (QoE). To efficiently solve the formulated non-convex mixed-integer optimization problem, we present an Action Space Decoupled Hybrid Deep Reinforcement Learning (ASD-HDRL) framework, which employs the Dueling Double Deep Q-Network (D3QN) for discrete semantic resource decision-making and Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) for continuous control optimization. Simulation results verify that the proposed ASD-HDRL achieves superior system-level semantic QoE performance.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1947068</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1947068</link>
        <title><![CDATA[TBM excavation-induced deformation and failure of jointed surrounding rock: mechanisms and control measures]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-10-23T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Xinran Xue</author><author>Kai Zhang</author><author>Bosong Yu</author><author>Lianjie Fu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Open-type tunnel boring machines improve roadway excavation efficiency, but their front structure delays complete support near the excavation face. This delay can trigger severe instability in rock masses containing persistent joints. Using the Yuandian No. 2 Coal Mine as an engineering case, this study applies a three-dimensional Ubiquitous-Multiple-Joint model to conduct a comparative sensitivity analysis of progressive TBM excavation and delayed support. The effects of joint orientation, the number of joint sets, and joint bonding strength are evaluated through plastic-zone and displacement responses. For vertically dipping joints, increasing the strike angle from 0° to 90° increases the plastic-zone volume from 14.0 to 41.0 m3 and the maximum displacement from 12.5 to 58.9 mm. Increasing the number of joint sets from one to three enlarges the plastic-zone volume by 384.5% and the maximum displacement by 224.8%, while shifting the response from matrix shear failure to joint-controlled and mixed failure. Increasing the bonding-strength ratio from 0 to 0.2 reduces the plastic-zone volume by 62.4% and the maximum displacement by 75.5%. Within the simulated cases, joint-related failure becomes limited at bonding-strength ratios of 0.8 and 1.0. These sensitivity trends, together with field geological observations and construction constraints, inform a site-specific control scheme combining advance grouting, primary support, and secondary reinforcement. Field monitoring shows that displacement rates decline markedly 60–80 days after excavation and subsequently stabilize. The results indicate how measurable joint characteristics are associated with instability patterns and provide qualitative guidance for site-specific support during open-type TBM excavation.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1920937</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1920937</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Scalable solution-cast flexible graphite sheet current collectors for flexible solid-state supercapacitors]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-10-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Sowmiya Selvaraj</author><author>Anand Sreekantan Thampy</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Designing mechanically compliant energy storage systems for wearables and portable devices remains challenging. Traditional metal-based current collectors face issues like rigidity and interfacial instability. To overcome these limitations, the flexible graphite sheet current collector is fabricated by solution casting a 50:50 wt% graphite:PVC composite, and its electrical performance is tested under various bending conditions. The conductivity and surface roughness of the graphite sheet are 2608.53 ± 231.6 S m-1 (mean ± SD, n = 3) and 16.74 nm, respectively. Further, to study the interaction between the electrode and electrolyte on the graphite substrate, flexible supercapacitors are fabricated using acid-functionalized carbon nanotubes as the electrode material, which is chosen due to its continuous electron transport even under bending. The electrochemical studies are carried out using electrolytes of Na2SO4, H2SO4, and KOH. The three-electrode configuration exhibited the maximum specific capacitance of 2913 mF g-1 in 1 M Na2SO4. The fabricated flexible symmetric supercapacitor device with PVA-H2SO4 exhibited a high specific capacitance of 578 mF g-1 at a current density of 5 mA g-1 (6 mg active material), rate capability of 87% (the specific capacitance retained at 15 mA g-1 relative to 5 mA g-1), and 77% capacitance retention even after 10,000 cycles. Overall, the developed flexible conductive platform provides new insights into graphite-mediated current collector engineering and demonstrates strong potential for next-generation wearable energy storage systems.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1941838</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1941838</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Bifurcation, chaotic behavior, sensitivity analysis, and optical soliton solutions to the time-fractional symmetric regularised-long-wave equation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-10-15T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Moazzma Inayat</author><author>Muhammad Abbas</author><author>Alina Alb Lupas</author><author>Ahmet Bekir</author><author>Hissah Albaqami</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The time-fractional Symmetric Regularized-Long-Wave equation that emerges in simulations of long-term water flow models is efficiently solved in this paper using a new auxiliary equation method. The model takes into consideration the conformable fractional derivatives. Bell-shaped, anti-bell-shaped, kink, and anti-kink soliton solutions are obtained using this method. To illustrate the spatial and temporal evolution properties of the generated solutions, two-dimensional, contour, and three-dimensional diagrams are drawn. Additionally, a planar dynamical system is obtained using galilean transformation in order to conduct the bifurcation analysis, chaotic behaviour, and sensitivity of the model. The study offers crucial information on the stability of the solutions and the reactions that take place when different types of solutions are used. Whenever a parameter varies, bifurcation analysis is used to examine how the qualitative behaviour of the system changes. Additionally, it offers better understanding of time series, phase portraits, chaotic behaviour, and the equation’s sensitivity analysis to external disturbances.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1970930</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1970930</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Patient-specific hemodynamic evaluation of fenestrated physician-modified endografts in complex abdominal aortic aneurysms]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-10-12T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Xiaolong Du</author><author>Shichen Jiang</author><author>Hongyue Zhang</author><author>Huiying Yu</author><author>Li Zhang</author><author>Kai Ren</author><author>Feng Ran</author>
        <description><![CDATA[PurposePhysician-modified endografts (PMEGs) are increasingly used for complex abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), but the patient-specific flow consequences of the geometric reconstruction are not well quantified. This study evaluated PMEG-associated changes in hemodynamic and wall-mechanical surrogate markers.Materials and MethodsEight patients were retrospectively analyzed. Pre- and post-PMEG geometries were reconstructed from computed tomography angiography and simulated with pulsatile computational fluid dynamics under matched inlet and outlet conditions. Time-averaged wall shear stress relative residence time and endothelial cell activation potential were quantified; one representative case underwent fluid-structure interaction analysis.ResultsMean velocity increased from approximately 0.8–1.5 m/s (P = 0.0021), pressure drop decreased (P = 0.0183), low-shear regions became less extensive, and RRT and ECAP decreased significantly (both P < 0.05). FSI showed lower computed wall deformation after repair. At 1 year, all branch stents remained patent, with no endoleak or reported adverse event.ConclusionTogether with prior paired PMEG simulations, these findings support a favorable hemodynamic and wall-mechanical effect of PMEG in complex anatomy unsuitable for conventional infrarenal EVAR and suggest a less stasis-prone postoperative environment. Larger controlled cohorts remain necessary to determine whether these surrogate changes translate into fewer clinical thrombotic or rupture events. The observed changes arise from PMEG-induced geometric remodeling, which modifies local flow acceleration, separation, near-wall shear, and pressure-loss characteristics.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1926941</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1926941</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Agate-like stripe pattern formation via cyclic-voltage-driven reaction-transport -reaction process]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-10-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Hisashi Hayashi</author><author>Kaho Yamada</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The Liesegang phenomenon, conventionally used to explain geological banding, does not account for key features of natural agate, such as irregular band spacing and horizontal onyx structures, leaving its formation mechanism a long-standing enigma. This study demonstrates a two-dimensional (2D) periodic precipitation patterning system governed by a cyclic-voltage-driven reaction–transport–reaction (RTR) process to replicate and elucidate these complex architectures. By cyclically alternating between high and low potentials across diverse electrode configurations in agarose hydrogels, we tracked the spatiotemporal evolution of metal hydroxide precipitates. Systematically adjusting the configuration, number, and metal species (Fe and Cu) of the anodes enabled us to engineer a range of unique 2D striped morphologies. The generated patterns resemble natural agate and onyx, structures that were previously difficult to replicate. Our findings establish the 2D-RTR process as a powerful physicochemical framework complementary to the Liesegang phenomenon, providing key insights into geological morphogenesis driven by intermittent hydrothermal influxes.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1964844</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1964844</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Novel framework for physical-layer secrecy and network secrecy energy efficiency of UAV-assisted device-to-device communication]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-10-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Shiyam Alalmaei</author><author>Nikoly Hinov</author><author>Fadi Al-Turjman</author><author>Ramiz Salama</author><author>Hugo Alberto González López</author><author>Leandro Flórez Aristizábal</author><author>Dionicio Neira-Rodado</author><author>José Escorcia-Gutierrez</author><author>Darius Andriukaitis</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionWireless networks are anticipated to continue connecting billions of devices and producing enormous amounts of data with the next sixth-generation (6G) technologies, propelling the development of artificial intelligence applications in a variety of industries. Unmanned aerial vehicles have shown promise in this regard as a way to deal with the problems brought on by the expanding environment. UAVs are especially well-suited for delivering on-demand services to mobile devices because of their special qualities, which include their mobility, flexibility, and capacity to create line-of-sight communication links. This is especially true in areas with limited terrestrial infrastructure, such as hot areas and disaster communication. Therefore, by acting as relaying points, aerial base stations, and data collectors, UAVs may greatly increase the capacity and reach of networks. MethodsTo address the challenges of energy limitations, spectrum scarcity, and severe co-channel interference in device-to-device (D2D) communication networks supporting UAVs in passive eavesdropping environments, the concept of secrecy energy-efficiency was introduced by considering each user’s privacy level and transmission power limitations. Based on physical layer secure transmission theory, the common problem of optimizing spectrum multiplexing and energy management strategies to maximize the energy efficiency of network secrecy was studied. A resource allocation algorithm combining the two algorithms was proposed to ensure the convergence of the original problem to a global optimal solution using the Dinkelbach algorithm and to transform the non-convex optimization problem into a geometric planning problem using the convex approximation algorithm. The problem was non-linear and non-convex. Results and DiscussionSimulation results show that the recommended approach can effectively reduce co-channel interference, improve the energy efficiency of network privacy, and achieve a balance between network energy consumption and secure communication performance.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1875587</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1875587</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Synergistic ZnCo2O4-PANI heterostructure for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-10-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jagadeep Reddy</author><author>Neetu Vishwakarma</author><author>Tim Tim Mashangva</author><author>Anshika Goel</author><author>Sangeeta Prasher</author><author>Ajit Sharma</author><author>Mukesh Kumar</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThe development of high-performance and cost-effective electrode materials is crucial for the advancement of next-generation energy storage devices.MethodsIn this study, a zinc cobaltite-polyaniline (ZnCo2O4-PANI) nanocomposite was successfully synthesized through a simple and economical in-situ polymerization method for supercapacitor applications. The structural and electrochemical properties of the prepared composite were systematically investigated and compared with pristine ZnCo2O4 and pure PANI electrodes.ResultsElectrochemical measurements revealed that the ZnCo2O4-PANI nanocomposite exhibited a high specific capacitance of 660 Fg-1 at a current density of 0.5 Ag-1, compared to 455 Fg-1 for pristine ZnCo2O4 and 379 Fg-1 for pure PANI under identical conditions. The composite electrode also showed lower charge transfer resistance and improved ion diffusion characteristics, indicating reduced electrochemical impedance.DiscussionThe ZnCo2O4-PANI nanocomposite demonstrated significantly enhanced electrochemical performance and enhanced charge storage capability due to the synergistic interaction between the excellent redox activity of ZnCo2O4 and the high electrical conductivity of PANI. These results highlight its strong potential as an efficient and durable electrode material for advanced supercapacitor applications.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1914288</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1914288</link>
        <title><![CDATA[An improved approach for rainfall-runoff simulation under anthropogenic influence]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-09-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Sheng He</author><author>Heting Chen</author><author>Dun Fu</author><author>Shuxin Han</author><author>Zhengzheng Chen</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Human activities significantly influence the rainfall-runoff process, leading to pronounced fluctuations in runoff data and presenting substantial challenges for accurate simulation. In this study, the Water Allocation and Simulation (WAS) model was adopted and enhanced to simulate rainfall-runoff under the impact of human activities. The virtual reservoirs were established within the WAS model to effectively represent water consumption associated with human activities, including agricultural irrigation and pond storage. The model was compared with the results of rainfall-runoff simulation under natural conditions. This study method was applied to simulate rainfall-runoff in the Yanglou hydrological station basin, Northern Anhui Province, China, in which the water cycle is strongly influenced by human activities. The results show that the simulation accuracy of the WAS model is superior to that of rainfall-runoff simulation under natural conditions. The WAS model significantly improved the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) from 0.704 to 0.898 and the correlation coefficient (R2) improved from 0.869 to 0.952 during the validation period. The WAS model can be practiced in areas with strong human activities. The findings of this study are instrumental in enhancing rainfall-runoff simulation in regions of strong human activities.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1891265</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1891265</link>
        <title><![CDATA[DOA estimation for autonomous vehicles by exploiting second-order statistics of Co-array domain of nested arrays by implementing Cuckoo Search Algorithm]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-09-29T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Zhe Wang</author><author>Ainur Zhetpisbayeva</author><author>Muhammad Salman Qamar</author><author>Berik Zhumazhanov</author><author>Khurram Hameed</author><author>Aliya Kargulova</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Real-world situations require DSRC-based vehicular ad hoc networks that employ sensor fusion and perception systems. Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation is critical for sensor fusion as it helps track moving objects. This paper presents a new approach to DOA estimation for autonomous vehicles, using a nested sensor array and the Cuckoo Search (CS) Algorithm. A non-uniform nested sensor array, situated on the vehicle, is proposed. The non-uniform array of sensors assists the estimation of DOA with improved angular resolution and is more robust to ambiguities. The CS Algorithm is implemented within the proposed methodology to optimize the iteration for DOA estimation with improved accuracy and speed related to convergence. A thorough comparison of the proposed nested sensor array to a classical sensor array is performed. An example of the CS Algorithm for DOA estimation is presented, along with some real world examples. We demonstrate the power of the algorithm to accurately estimate the direction of incoming signals, even in challenging environments with noise and interference and CS also performs extensive simulations and experimental validation by utilizing the highly non-linear fitness function. This research represents a tremendous advancement in the sensor fusion and DOA estimation for autonomous vehicle research. This presents a much more robust system for perception, aiding autonomous vehicles create a more thorough context when preventing collisions and assisting self driving vehicles aid in safer navigation. The proposed model investigates local and global minima of highly non-linear functions for DOA estimation, and assesses performance using the frequency distribution of RMSE, variability analysis of RMSE, estimation accuracy, RMSE of CDF, and robustness against snapshots and noise and RMSE for Monte Carlo simulation runs.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1874903</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1874903</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Mechanical behaviour and SEM-based microstructural interpretation of Grewia optiva fiber-reinforced expansive soil]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-09-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Vidya Sagar Khanduri</author><author>Anoop Bhardwaj</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionExpansive black cotton (BC) soils exhibit poor strength and significant volumetric instability, creating challenges for infrastructure development. This study evaluated Bhimal (Grewia optiva) natural fiber as a sustainable discrete reinforcement for improving the geotechnical response of BC soil.MethodsFiber contents of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.25% and fiber lengths of 15, 20 and 25 mm were investigated using Modified Proctor, direct shear and unconfined compression tests. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis were used to evaluate the effects of fiber content and length, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provided qualitative support for soil–fiber interaction mechanisms.ResultsThe selected optimum configuration, M13 (0.50% fiber, 25 mm), increased maximum dry density from 1.53 to 1.69 g/cm3 (10.46%) and optimum moisture content from 11.00 to 15.50% (40.91%). UCS increased from 55.6 to 68.0 kPa (22.30%) and cohesion from 51.0 to 60.5 kPa (18.63%). ANOVA showed significant effects of fiber parameters, with fiber length exerting the stronger influence. SEM observations provided localized qualitative evidence of soil–fiber interlocking, particle attachment, crack bridging and pull-out mechanisms.DiscussionThe classical UCS ≈ 2c relationship showed weak agreement with the reinforced-soil data (R2 = 0.088), indicating that this simplified cohesive-soil correlation is not directly applicable to Bhimal fiber-reinforced expansive soil. The results support Bhimal fiber as a promising sustainable reinforcement while highlighting the need to account for altered stress-transfer and failure mechanisms in fiber-reinforced soils.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1666957</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1666957</link>
        <title><![CDATA[An efficient methodology to explore dynamical system configurations with the significance of coherent–chaotic peculiarities]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-09-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Ghulam Bary</author><author>Waqar Ahmed</author><author>Riaz Ahmad</author><author>Shao Juxiang</author><author>Duohui Huang</author><author>Wei Sin Koh</author><author>Ilyas Khan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This article presents the characteristics of dynamical systems with nonlinear dynamics under the influence of condensation through various correlations and contributions, considering the spreading of coherence with the domination of droplet multiplicities. The system stability probes the hidden dynamics through analytical investigation of distinct complex dynamical phenomena, and the methodologies considered explore the coherent components that suppress the chaotic parameters corresponding to the conglomerate regimes at various momentum domains. These techniques demonstrate the system’s robustness, incorporating higher-order Bose–Einstein interference with chaos theory. Certain parameters show the significance of the pattern formation, and the mathematical findings explore the quantitative data to illustrate the conformation among multiplicities under consistent interphase during the evolution of disseminated systems. The evolving transition comprises partial chaos emanations with coherent, prodigious droplets, which are described by the explicit transformation. The analysis reveals the consequences of quantum interference with chaotic parameters at different energies and temperatures. We study the geometrical aspects of the size ratio, which has a significant role in data analysis. The present research uses the intercepts to evaluate the asymptotic properties, examine the intrinsic singularities of the system structures, and analyze the dynamics of coherent droplets. This study provides a detailed benchmark of hybrid chaotic mechanism sustainability practices and highlights how leading technologies are integrating and communicating in an era of growing scientific applications.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1927525</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1927525</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Quantitative evaluation of mine structural complexity based on GIS-AHP-independence weight coefficient method: a case study of Guobei Coal Mine]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-09-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Baolei Xie</author><author>Haiyue Lin</author><author>Guanyu Zhao</author><author>Ru Hu</author><author>Herong Gui</author><author>Yan Guo</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Mine geological structures are the core elements controlling safe coal production and serve as the primary conduits inducing groundwater inrush accidents. To address the issues of incomplete evaluation indicators and single weighting methods in assessing mine structural complexity, this study takes Guobei Coal Mine as the research object and constructs a quantitative evaluation model for mine structural complexity based on the coupling of GIS, AHP, and the Independence Weight Coefficient Method. Four core indicators were selected: fault density, fault intensity, fracture fractal dimension, and fold planar deformation coefficient. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to determine subjective weights, while the Independence Weight Coefficient Method was used to determine objective weights, and the multiplicative synthesis normalization method was applied to achieve the fusion of subjective and objective weights. Spatial quantitative analysis and thematic map overlay were completed using ArcGIS, dividing the study area into four levels of structural complexity zones. The results indicate that: (1) fault intensity exerts the greatest influence on structural complexity (comprehensive weight of 0.4212), followed by the fold planar deformation coefficient (0.2894) and fracture fractal dimension (0.2516); (2) the structurally complex zones and relatively complex zones exhibit three concentrated distributions, located in the northeastern, central, and southern regions of the mine, respectively, the structurally complex and relatively complex zones accounting for 15.8% and 24.3% of the total mine area, respectively; (3) specifically in the Mining Areas 84 and 85, the structurally complex and relatively complex zones account for 21.1% and 41.0% of their respective district areas. Groundwater inrush points in the mining area are predominantly distributed within or adjacent to the structurally complex and relatively complex zones, with particular attention required for water inrush threats from roof fracture zones and fault intersections. The research findings accurately characterize the spatial differentiation of structural complexity in Guobei Coal Mine, providing targeted objectives and scientific geological basis for mine water hazard prevention and control. Simultaneously, the study offers methodological references for quantitative evaluation of structural complexity in mines with similar geological conditions, thereby enriching the theoretical and methodological framework of quantitative mine structural evaluation.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1874615</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1874615</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Biomass-based N-TiO2 composites for polyvinylchloride nano plastic photodegradation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-09-04T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Kuljit Kaur</author><author>Harpreet Kaur</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Plastic pollution of the environment and water is a persistent global concern. Microplastic contamination has impacted aquatic environments, demanding the development of efficient remediation techniques to address this issue. In this work, N-TiO2–supported corncob activated (ZnCl2) carbon (CCAC/N-TiO2) composites (CT13) (CT11), and (CT31) were synthesized through a simple wet-impregnation approach. The prepared composite materials were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (Scanning electron microscopy), EDS (Electron dispersive spectroscopy), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) techniques. Tauc’s method was applied to evaluate the optical band gap, and the results indicated that the composite material’s spectral response extended into the visible-light region, accompanied by a significant reduction in band gap energy. The removal performance of the CCAC/N-TiO2 composites toward PVC-NPs was systematically evaluated under different pH conditions (4, 7, and 10), varying contact times, and various light conditions. CT13 composite demonstrated exceptional performance, achieving a 94% degradation efficiency after 180 min of exposure to tungsten light. The removal of PVC-NPs was determined to occur via a photocatalytic pathway and was confirmed by quenching experiments. Additionally, SEM, FTIR, DLS, and fluorescence microscopy verified the presence of PVC-NPs on the composite surfaces under both dark and light conditions. The major photodegradation products were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The addition of CCAC to N-TiO2 significantly improved its ability to remove PVC-NPs. This is because the CCAC addition increased the number of active sites for adsorption. The CT13 composite’s surface attracts and captures the PVC-NPs through a variety of interactions, including hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic attractions, π-π interactions, halogen bonding, and hydrogen bonding. This strong adsorption increases the number of available reaction sites, which in turn boosts the photocatalytic removal of the PVC-NPs. This study sheds light on the use of biomass-derived materials for water purification, providing a long-term solution to pollution and agricultural waste issues.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1924829</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1924829</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Capturing full-process creep in cemented backfill: a modified generalized Kelvin model with fractional derivative and hardening function]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-09-01T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yiying Feng</author><author>Yiming Wang</author><author>Dongxing Fu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Understanding time-dependent deformation in cemented backfill is critical for green mining stability. This study proposes a fractional-order creep constitutive model that couples hardening and damage effects across the full creep process. A hardening function is introduced into the deformation modulus, while a Caputo fractional dashpot is integrated into a modified generalized Kelvin framework. This enables the model to capture both decelerating and accelerating creep phases. Numerical simulations show that low stress levels induce hardening-dominated creep with decreasing rates, whereas high stress levels trigger damage-driven acceleration and eventual failure. Validation against experimental data under three stress levels shows excellent agreement. Comparative analysis demonstrates clear advantages over classical fractional Nishihara models in describing accelerated creep. Parameter sensitivity analysis confirms model robustness and clarifies the distinct roles of fractional order and hardening factors. Overall, this work offers a reliable theoretical tool for predicting creep and assessing long-term stability in cemented backfill structures, with meaningful implications for sustainable mining engineering.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1870780</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1870780</link>
        <title><![CDATA[First-principles investigation of YXMnH6 (X = Hg, Zn) complex hydrides: structural, electronic, optical, mechanical, and thermodynamic insights for H2 storage efficiency]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-28T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Doha Shtaiwi</author><author>Mohammed Abu-Jafar</author><author>Asif Hosen</author><author>Hasan Masri</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This paper explores the structural, electronic, mechanical, optical, and thermodynamic characteristics of complex hydrides YXMnH6 (X = Hg, Zn) to be used in hydrogen storage. The investigation is carried out through first principles calculations. Both compounds are dynamically and thermally stable, as indicated by the lack of negative frequencies in phonon dispersion calculations as well as being confirmed by AIMD simulations at room temperature with minimal fluctuations and no structural degradation. Electronic property-based YHgMnH6 and YZnMnH6 compounds exhibit semiconducting behavior, with indirect band gaps of 1.445 eV using PBE-GGA (1.826 eV using mBJ-GGA), and 1.555 eV using PBE-GGA (2.548 eV using mBJ-GGA), respectively. Its structural features indicate that YHgMnH6 is characterized by the largest lattice constant (6.8623 Å) as compared to YZnMnH6 (6.6506 Å), as mercury has a higher atomic radius than zinc. According to the Born stability criterion, both compounds are verified to be mechanically stable. 1t is also shown that YZnMnH6 has a high Young’s modulus and is appropriate for uses requiring hardness and resistance to deformation. Common optical property analysis indicates strong optical response of the ultraviolet region on both compounds; thus, they are good candidates in photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications. The hydrogen storage contents are estimated at 1.73 wt% of YHgMnH6 and 2.81 wt% of YZnMnH6. In general, these findings suggest that YXMnH6 (X = Hg, Zn) complex hydrides are versatile substances and have the potential to be used in hydrogen storage systems and clean technologies. Further research will be in the field of experimental establishment of YXMnH6 (X = Hg, Zn) in order to verify existing results and further study its energy applications.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1937209</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1937209</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Engineering geological characteristics of the working face weathering zone and its impacts on mining effect: a case study of Zhangji coal mine]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-27T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Xiaorong Zhai</author><author>Ziqing Zhang</author><author>Kangjian Wang</author><author>Ming Tang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[In concealed coalfields, weathering zones within the roof overburden stratum play a critical role in the excavation of shallow working faces. The weathering process affects the engineering geological properties of the rocks, complicating roof support management and increasing the risk of hydrogeological hazards. To elucidate these effects, the 1410 (3) working face of the Zhangji Coal Mine in the Huainan mining area, Anhui Province, was selected for detailed investigation. Through underground drilling, a comprehensive exploration and coring of the rock stratum within a 30 m interval from the roof of the working face were conducted. Employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), an analysis of the mineral composition of rocks in the weathering zone was conducted. Rock cores obtained from various locations underwent physical and mechanical testing to determine the depth and degree of weathering zones. Two geological models were established: weathering stratum and normal stratum. Numerical simulation was employed to study the mining impact on surrounding rocks under these two different conditions. The results were as follows: (1) Weathering stratum were found to be distributed across the roof area of the working face, with depths ranging from 18 to 32 m and an average depth of 25 m. The weathering rocks exhibited darker coloration and poorer structural integrity compared to normal rocks. (2) The mineral composition of the bedrock weathering zone was predominantly clay minerals, such as kaolinite, montmorillonite, and illite, which were highly susceptible to expansion upon contact with water. This characteristic was beneficial in inhibiting the development of water-conducting fracture zones. (3) The average porosity of normal and weathering rock was 14.23% and 19.92%, respectively, reflecting a 40.02% increase. The average uniaxial compressive strength for normal and weathering stratum was 40.44 MPa and 17.78 MPa, respectively, indicating a 56.03% decrease. The average tensile strength of normal and weathering stratum was 3.69 MPa and 1.21 MPa, respectively, showing a 67.23% decrease. (4) Numerical simulation revealed that the height of the plastic failure zone and vertical displacement on the roof of the working face were significantly elevated due to rock weathering. The weathering effect induced substantial fluctuations in the stress field of the surrounding rocks within the roof range of the goaf, demonstrating a strong disturbance mechanism.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1916063</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1916063</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A security analysis scheme for physical layer chaos encryption based on neural networks]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-26T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Dongfei Wang</author><author>Jiaying Wu</author><author>Jiaao Wang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionPhysical layer encryption schemes hold significant importance for contemporary data protection due to their flexible operations, comprehensive data protection capabilities, and low-cost, fast computation. However, there is currently no universal and effective method for security analysis of physical layer encryption systems. With various physical layer encryption methods emerging, a critical issue is whether the designed systems can effectively resist unauthorized attacks.MethodsThis paper enhances the security evaluation of physical layer encryption schemes from the perspective of cryptanalysis, moving beyond simply using the size of the key space to evaluate the security of algorithms. The computational security of physical layer chaos encryption schemes is investigated by analyzing their ability to resist attacks. A neural network-based attack scheme against physical layer chaos encryption is proposed.ResultsComputer simulations verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the attack. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can learn effective ciphertext-to-plaintext mappings under the tested fixed-key conditions. The method involves a moderate offline training cost and achieves sub-millisecond model-level inference after training.DiscussionThe results demonstrate that the investigated physical layer chaos encryption schemes are vulnerable to neural network-based attacks under the tested conditions. The proposed method provides a complementary security-evaluation approach for the investigated Arnold- and Chen-based encryption schemes.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1892087</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1892087</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Bifurcation between pre- and post-nucleation models in fluorapatite Liesegang patterns]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-25T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Kotoha Harima</author><author>Takuto Takeda</author><author>Hideki Nabika</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Liesegang patterns, characterized by periodic precipitation, typically follow either a pre-nucleation or post-nucleation model. However, the factors governing the selection of either pathway in a single chemical system are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated a concentration-driven bifurcation between the pre-nucleation and post-nucleation models during the formation of fluorapatite (FAp) Liesegang patterns in an agarose matrix using two systematic sets of experimental conditions. First, a three-variable matrix systematically varying the concentrations of the three involved electrolytes (i.e., calcium chloride, phosphate buffer, and sodium fluoride) revealed a distinct difference between the pre- and post-nucleation pathways. Using time-lapse imaging, line profile analysis, and X-ray diffraction, we monitored the evolution of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) intermediates into other species such as crystalline FAp. At certain concentration conditions, the system followed a pre-nucleation model, in which discontinuous ACP growth and subsequent crystallization-induced shrinkage produced discrete bands. By contrast, other conditions triggered a post-nucleation pathway, in which a spatially continuous ACP phase first precipitated and then separated into discrete bands upon structural conversion. Second, by fixing the outer electrolyte (calcium chloride) concentration and systematically varying the two inner electrolyte concentrations (phosphate buffer and sodium fluoride), we successfully mapped the continuous crossover between these two regimes and identified a transition boundary where the features of both pathways co-existed. The study proposes that the bifurcation between the two models would be governed by the kinetic balance between the generation of metastable ACP and its structural conversion. These findings provide a broadly applicable framework for understanding pattern formation in mineral systems, which progress through metastable intermediates.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1896122</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2026.1896122</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Reinforcement learning-driven adaptive rewiring modulates fragmentation depth in bounded-confidence opinion dynamics]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Quang Nguyen</author><author>Nha Binh Truong</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The structure of an interaction network strongly shapes opinion clustering and the emergence of echo chambers in bounded-confidence (BC) models. We ask whether a controller can steer this clustering by rewiring edges adaptively and how a learned policy compares with hand-designed heuristics. We train a dueling double deep Q-network (DQN) with a candidate-aware state to select degree-preserving edge swaps in a Deffuant model on a sparse Erdős–Rényi (ER) graph (N=500, ⟨k⟩=7.8). Augmenting the state with the signed discord change of each candidate is essential: without it, the agent fails to learn. With it, training reward saturates within ∼200 episodes. Pooling over 10 independent graph realizations and 25 opinion initializations per graph (250 trials per strategy), the learned heterophilic policy reaches a median cluster count C=7.0 at ε=0.18, significantly above the no-rewiring baseline (C=3.0, p<10−3) and the greedy heterophilic oracle (C=6.0). The RL benefit is mode-asymmetric: reinforcement learning (RL) exceeds greedy heterophilic rewiring in 9/10 graphs (Cliff’s δ=+0.26, small effect) but is exceeded by greedy homophilic rewiring in 9/10 graphs (Cliff’s δ=−0.21, small effect). A sweep over ε∈[0.12,0.30] reveals a sigmoidal nucleation barrier for reaching C≥6, with directed strategies giving up to 2.5× speedup over random rewiring. Interpretation: at intermediate ε, the natural attractor is bipolar, so homophilic and heterophilic rewiring amplifies fragmentation; what they control is the depth, not the sign. This finding delimits what rewiring-based interventions can and cannot achieve within the abstract BC framework and identifies the regimes where multistep planning outperforms myopic heuristics.]]></description>
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