<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <rss version="2.0">
      <channel xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/">
        <title>Frontiers in Physics | Low-Temperature Plasma Physics section | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physics/sections/low-temperature-plasma-physics</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Low-Temperature Plasma Physics section in the Frontiers in Physics journal | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
        <generator>Frontiers Feed Generator,version:1</generator>
        <pubDate>2026-05-11T18:24:10.89+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
        <item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1654714</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1654714</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Imaging of dynamic plasma-combustion interactions through a transparent electrode]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-09-23T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Colin A. Pavan</author><author>Carmen Guerra-Garcia</author>
        <description><![CDATA[A common platform for studying plasma-assisted ignition and combustion uses a quartz reactor with the plasma applied in a dielectric barrier discharge configuration. The line-of-sight typically used in such a setup, for optical diagnostics and imaging, is transverse to the dominant electric fields. This visualization angle makes the quantification of the dynamic bidirectional interactions between plasma and combustion processes incomplete. Drawing inspiration from the literature on pattern formation in dielectric barrier discharges operated with inert gases, the authors introduce a novel approach: employing transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes to directly visualize the interaction between a propagating laminar flame and a pulsed nanosecond dielectric barrier discharge. The approach reveals features of the interaction that were previously inaccessible: the discharge alters both the flame’s speed and curvature, while the flame, in turn, impacts the discharge’s uniformity and the motion of microdischarges. This brief research report demonstrates how the use of transparent electrodes in plasma-assisted combustion enhances our ability to explore this complex two-way interaction.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1606147</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1606147</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Improved accuracy of atomic nitrogen detection in plasma by high-intensity fs-TALIF calibrated using VUV absorption spectroscopy]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-07-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>A. Brisset</author><author>C. Pascual-Fort</author><author>N. Q. Minesi</author><author>N. De Oliveira</author><author>G. D. Stancu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This paper is devoted to improving the accuracy of the calibration method employed for femtosecond Two-photon Absorption Laser-Induced Fluorescence (fs-TALIF) diagnostics operating in a high laser intensity regime, i.e., TW.cm-2. Due to the extreme instantaneous intensity and mode-locked laser features, the fluorescence signal depends not only on the populations of the ground and excited states of the probed atomic radical, but also on phenomena such as Stark detuning and coherent excitation. Rate equations are no longer valid and therefore, the calibration is performed here using a source of the same atomic species of interest with a known absolute density. For atomic nitrogen, the reference source is based on a homogenous, steady-state DC plasma. Its absolute density is measured in specific operating conditions by Vacuum UltraViolet (VUV) absorption spectroscopy using a high-resolution Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS). The uncertainty of nitrogen density measured via VUV absorption was found to be less than 20% when selecting non-saturated absorption lines and plasmas with negligible molecular absorption background. The detection limit and accuracy for nitrogen density using fs-TALIF in a high laser intensity regime were determined to be 1012 cm-3 and 25%, respectively, which represents a significant improvement over the quadratic regime method using conventional noble gas calibration. The fluorescence calibration was proven for plasma conditions with pressure and nitrogen density varying by about one order of magnitude and was found to be quench-free. The laser spectral profile was Fourier-limited and the two-photon absorption profile was dominated by the laser broadening mechanism. Comparison of two femtosecond systems sharing the same laser pump, detection, beam waist and laser power showed an important difference in fluorescence yields. This was attributed to spectral dispersion affecting the temporal laser intensity profiles, which consequently altered the two-photon absorption probability.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1606619</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1606619</link>
        <title><![CDATA[An analysis of nanosecond-pulsed streamer discharges in treating melanoma cells: generation, source–plasma interaction, and energy efficiency]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-06-12T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Samira Elaissi</author><author>Norah A. M. Alsaif</author><author>Eman M. Moneer</author><author>Soumaya Gouadria</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Atmospheric pressure plasma has great potential in medicine, such as cancer therapy and wound treatment. Skin cancer therapy is challenging due to the thin layer of biological liquid covering the sample. This study aims to perform a numerical simulation of nanosecond high-voltage pulse plasma streamers applied to human tissue for melanoma cell therapy. This study investigates the optimization of plasma energy transfer in relation to several parameters, such as voltage, total energy, pulse frequency, flow rate, input power, and pressure. Results show that transient electric discharges can reach much higher electron energy levels than static discharges. As voltage increases, most reactive species’ densities increase, and streamer length increases due to higher power deposition. In addition, as the pressure varies from 1 atm to 0.3 MPa, the breakdown time increases, and the propagation velocity of the ionizing front decreases. Pulse frequency affects thermal processes because contact time and input power of plasma increase with frequency. Due to a gradual cascade of biochemical processes that occur after treatment, melanoma cells often undergo apoptosis, resulting in slow cell death rather than necrosis, which occurs immediately. Melanoma cell death is most likely caused by the hydroxyl radical OH species produced from water vapor, which damages the outer surface of cancer cells through the oxidation process. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) like NO and O arising as primary products or metabolic byproducts have less influence. Based on these findings, it appears that these results are extremely important for treating cancer cells with non-thermal streamer discharge plasma.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1592169</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2025.1592169</link>
        <title><![CDATA[OH density and water vapor concentration gradients during plasma-droplet interactions]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-04-28T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jianan Wang</author><author>Gaurav Nayak</author><author>Peter J. Bruggeman</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Plasma-droplet interactions significantly promote the reactivity transfer of gas phase species from the plasma to the liquid phase. Nonetheless, experimental studies on the impact of droplet evaporation on reactive species generation in such systems remain scarce. We report the spatial distribution of water vapor and OH radical densities around a droplet (∼41 μm in diameter) in He and He-Ar plasma using laser-induced fluorescence. The results reveal a significant gradient in both water vapor and OH radical concentrations near the droplets. Mutiple droplets present in the plasma can lead to a significant accumulation of water vapor and even local quenching of the discharge. The findings are critical for developing a quantitative understanding of plasma-liquid interactions for a broad range of plasma-enabled applications in the liquid phase often involving OH radicals.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1529454</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1529454</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: Plasma and related sciences: experimental and theoretical approaches]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-12-03T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>Paolo F. Ambrico</author><author>Ashraf M. Tawfik</author><author>Amer S. El-Kalliny</author><author>Tarek A. Gad-Allah </author><author>Mohamed Mokhtar Hefny</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1455481</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1455481</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Air cold plasmas as a new tool for nitrogen fixation in agriculture: underlying mechanisms and current experimental insights]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-10-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Perspective</category>
        <author>Domenico Aceto</author><author>Paolo F. Ambrico</author><author>Fabrizio Esposito</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Nitrogen fixation is crucial for plant growth and global agriculture, especially with the projected population growth requiring a significant increase in food production. Traditional nitrogen fixation relies on the Haber-Bosch (H-B) process, which is energy-intensive and environmentally harmful due to greenhouse gas emissions. Emerging technologies, such as cold plasma, offer promising alternatives with lower energy consumption. Cold plasma facilitates reactive nitrogen species generation under ambient conditions, potentially improving the production efficiency of nitrogen oxides (NOx). However, optimizing cold plasma nitrogen fixation requires a synergy between experimental and theoretical approaches. Accurate input data are essential for refining theoretical models, which can then guide the design of more efficient processes. This integrated approach can leverage renewable energy, operate on smaller scales, and minimize environmental impacts, making cold plasma a sustainable solution for future nitrogen fixation needs.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1442177</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1442177</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Evolutionary distribution and mode transition in medium frequency from 50 kHz to 5 MHz of argon atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge plasma]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-08-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Zhibo Zhao</author><author>Yilin Yu</author><author>Qiuyue Nie</author><author>Zhonglin Zhang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) provide a promising technology for generating non-equilibrium cold plasmas at atmospheric pressure. For both application-focused and fundamental research, it is important to explore the discharge mode transition and electron heating mechanism to enable effective independent tuning of key plasma parameters in a DBD system. In this work, we report numerical studies of the effects of single-frequency excitation on atmospheric argon DBDs, which are carried out in the medium driving frequency (MF) range from 50 kHz to 5 MHz by using a one-dimensional hydrodynamics coupling model. The spatio-temporal evolution of particle density associated with the discharge mode transition and electron dynamic behavior has been investigated. By tuning different components of a single frequency, we observe the electron heating behaviors of the individual modes and mode transitions from the Townsend discharge to the glow discharge in the low frequency to the Ω mode and the hybrid mode in the medium frequency to the α-mode and the γ-mode in the radio frequency. The physical analysis is understood based on these fundamental insights into the plasma physics.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1454585</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1454585</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Formation mechanism of the U-shaped spectrum based on a simple plasma–dielectric–plasma (PDP) waveguide]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Qiuyue Nie</author><author>Guoqiang Wei</author><author>Zhonglin Zhang</author><author>Zelin Zhang</author><author>Peiqi Chen</author><author>Xin Ai</author><author>Liang Qian</author><author>Changshi Yan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Manipulating electromagnetic (EM) waves by plasma–dielectric–plasma (PDP) waveguides or plasma array structures presents significant potential in microwave signal processing, such as filtering, signal delay, and EM enhancement or shielding. Owing to the simple structure and easy fabrication, the waveguide with a tooth-shaped resonator has been a strong candidate as a filtering device. Based on our previous work focusing on U-shaped filtering excited by PDP waveguides with a double-teeth structure, in this work, the formation mechanism of a U-shape filtering spectrum is systematically explored by transmission line theory (TLT) with proper field distributions. The results indicate that the U-shape spectrum consists of boundary edges and a filtering stopband. The boundary edges are attributed to Fano-type resonance, and the enhanced destructive interference from double teeth is responsible for the stopband. Such an approach shows a specific and clear mechanism for the generated U-shaped spectrum. In addition, the theoretical analysis of double teeth without Fano-type resonances is rigorously demonstrated using TLT, which significantly contributes to bandwidth modulation of stopband filtering in theory. These results contribute to the understanding of the formation mechanism of a U-shaped spectrum from a gap plasmon waveguide (such as PDP or metal–insulator–metal (MIM)) with tooth-shaped resonators, offering a feasible direction for the optimization of filtering properties, as well as offering significant parameters for subsequent experimental design.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1356303</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1356303</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Effective ignition energy for capacitor short-circuit discharge in explosive environments]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-07-22T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Wang Dangshu</author><author>Yang Likang</author><author>Shulin Liu</author><author>Xinxia Wang</author><author>Song Luwen</author><author>Wu Fengjuan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Capacitors short-circuit discharge in an explosive environment can ignite and detonate the surrounding explosive media, causing dangerous accidents. At low voltages, this kind of discharge constitutes a micro-nano discharge; because the discharge gaps here are of the order of only microns to nanometers, the discharge process, electrode energy consumption, explosive media ignition energy, and other energy relationships are unclear. To study the relationships between the capacitor storage energy and various kinds of dissipation energies under short-circuit discharge, a model comprising conical and spherical cylinder microbumps is proposed based on the cathode surface morphology obtained by three-dimensional profiling and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Then, the second-order non-chi-squared differential equations were established based on the principle of energy conservation and heat balance to deduce the relationships between the cathode surface temperature and height of the microbump, conical angle, and spherical radius; further, the energy consumed by the anode surface is calculated based on the theory of heat transfer. Using heat conduction theory, the energy consumed by the microbumps on the cathode surface is calculated, and the energy consumed on the anode surface is deduced using the surface heat source as the loading heat source. The residual energy of the capacitor is calculated from the discharge time and voltages before and after discharge, and the effective energy of the gas is calculated using the law of conservation of energy. Finally, the discharge channel energy, electrode energy consumption, and end residual energy of the discharge capacitor are used to derive the effective ignition energy of the explosive gas. This research is of great significance for the design of intrinsically safe circuits with high power.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1408078</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1408078</link>
        <title><![CDATA[LIF measurement in a partially saturated and partially absorbed regime]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-07-10T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Pavel Dvořák</author><author>Martina Mrkvičková</author><author>Jan Kratzer</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The problems of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) measurements in a partially saturated regime with spatially dependent laser intensity in the sample (caused by absorption) are analyzed. The obtained equations are tested by means of LIF of free tellurium atoms in a plasma of an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) by comparing fluorescence and absorption measurements. The results show a high reliability of LIF measurements.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1424344</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1424344</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Corrigendum: Coupling plasma physics and chemistry in the PIC model of electric propulsion: application to an air-breathing, low-power Hall thruster]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-05-24T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Correction</category>
        <author>Francesco Taccogna</author><author>Filippo Cichocki</author><author>Pierpaolo Minelli</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1399910</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1399910</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Assessing plasma activated water irrigation effects on tomato seedlings]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-05-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Domenico Aceto</author><author>Palma Rosa Rotondo</author><author>Carlo Porfido</author><author>Benedetta Bottiglione</author><author>Costantino Paciolla</author><author>Roberto Terzano</author><author>Angelantonio Minafra</author><author>Marianna Ambrico</author><author>Giorgio Dilecce</author><author>Beniamino Leoni</author><author>Rita Milvia De Miccolis Angelini</author><author>Paolo Francesco Ambrico</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Introduction: The study investigates the potential of Plasma Activated Water (PAW) as an innovative irrigation medium to enhance growth and defense responses in tomato seedlings. It explores PAW’s utility in both healthy seedlings and those inoculated with Tomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV).Methods: PAW, produced through a dielectric barrier volume discharge, serves as a chemical-free alternative to traditional fertilizers. Tomato seedlings were irrigated with PAW or control solutions. The study employs biometric measurements to assess growth and biochemical analysis to evaluate antioxidant levels and pigments. Gene expression analysis was conducted to evaluate the plant response, while the distribution of macro and micronutrients was assessed through micro X-ray fluorescence.Results and discussion: Results indicate that PAW-irrigated seedlings exhibit significant growth enhancement compared to those receiving conventional fertilization. Increased levels of antioxidant molecules and pigments suggest improved photosynthetic activity and stress tolerance. Gene expression analysis shows up-regulation of defense genes in PAW-treated plants post-viral infection. The up-regulation of defense genes and the restoration of mineral nutrient distribution in PAW-treated, virus-infected plants highlight PAW’s role in enhancing plant resilience against pathogens and mitigating nutrient deficiencies. These findings emphasize PAW’s potential as a sustainable agricultural solution, promoting plant growth, enhancing defense mechanisms, and reducing biotic stress due to virus infections.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1399720</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1399720</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Evaluating atmospheric pressure cold plasma decontamination techniques for packaging materials: a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-04-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Mini Review</category>
        <author>Caterina Maccaferri</author><author>Matteo Gherardi</author><author>Romolo Laurita</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Decontaminating food packaging surfaces is a crucial step in the food processing industry to ensure the quality and safety of the product. Decontamination is intended as a procedure aimed to reduce the microbial load present on contaminated packaging to a safe level. Several techniques are traditionally employed, but the industry is seeking innovative methods that could offer economic and environmental benefits. Cold plasma is emerging as a promising solution among the range of possibilities. The present review aims to assess the effectiveness of plasma-assisted systems for decontaminating packaging materials. A systematic collection of inherent records was carried out, and the study outcomes were extracted using the protocol for meta-analysis. The synthesis of the results demonstrates the efficacy of this sanitation technique, since the average logarithmic reduction of the pathogen charge on the packaging was above 4. This outcome is promising since it aligns with standard requirements for traditionally employed antiseptics. Future research should focus on the optimization of processes from the perspective of industrial applications.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1353658</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1353658</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Formation of field-induced breakdown precursors on metallic electrode surfaces]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-03-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Soumendu Bagchi</author><author>Evgenya Simakov</author><author>Danny Perez</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Understanding the underlying factors responsible for higher-than-anticipated local field enhancements required to trigger vacuum breakdown on pristine metal surfaces is crucial for the development of devices capable of withstanding intense operational fields. In this study, we investigate the behavior of nominally flat copper electrode surfaces exposed to electric fields of hundreds of MV/m. Our novel approach considers curvature-driven diffusion processes to elucidate the formation of sharp breakdown precursors. To do so, we develop a mesoscale finite element model that accounts for driving forces arising from both electrostatic and surface-tension-induced contributions to the free energy. Our findings reveal a dual influence: surface tension tends to mitigate local curvature, while the electric field drives mass transport toward regions of high local field density. This phenomenon can trigger the growth of sharper protrusions, ultimately leading to a rapid enhancement of local fields and, consequently, to a runaway growth instability. We delineate supercritical and subcritical regimes across a range of initial surface roughness. Our numerical results are in qualitative agreement with experimentally reported data, indicating the potential practical relevance of field-driven diffusion in the formation of breakdown precursors.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1308455</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1308455</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Investigation on different materials after pulsed high field conditioning and low-energy H- irradiation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-02-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>C. Serafim</author><author>R. Peacock</author><author>S. Calatroni</author><author>F. Djurabekova</author><author>A. T. Perez Fontenla</author><author>W. Wuensch</author><author>S. Sgobba</author><author>A. Grudiev</author><author>A. Lombardi</author><author>E. Sargsyan</author><author>S. Ramberger</author><author>G. Bellodi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[During operation, the radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) of the LINAC4 at CERN is exposed to high electric fields, which can lead to vacuum breakdown. It is also subject to beam loss, which can cause surface modification, including blistering, which can result in reduced electric field holding and an increased breakdown rate. First, experiments to study the high-voltage conditioning process and electrical breakdown statistics have been conducted using pulsed high-voltage DC systems in order to identify materials with high electric field handling capability and robustness to low-energy irradiation. In this paper, we discuss the results obtained for the different materials tested. To complement these, an investigation of their metallurgical properties using advanced microscopic techniques was done to observe and characterize the different materials and to compare results before and after irradiation and breakdown testing.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1328478</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2024.1328478</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Polarization characteristics and structural modifications of Cu nanoparticles under high electric fields]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-02-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Ye Wang</author><author>Andreas Kyritsakis</author><author>Veronika Zadin</author>
        <description><![CDATA[High electric fields affect the diffusion dynamics of atoms on a metal surface, causing biased surface diffusion that possibly leads to the growth of intensively field emitting protrusions and consequent vacuum breakdown (VBD). The scientific understanding of this process, as well as other fundamental VBD initiation mechanisms, is far from complete. Here we investigate the exact atomic behaviour of metal surfaces exposed to extremely high electric fields using density functional theory (DFT). Previous theories describe the field-surface dynamics in terms of the effective dipole moments and polarizability of surface atoms, disregarding higher-order (hyperpolarizability) terms. The validity of this approximation has been evaluated only for electric fields up to 3 GV/m, due to computational limitations of the plane-wave DFT basis used in previous works. In this work, we test the validity of this approximation for a much wider field range, relevant for VBD and field emission (FE), using Cu nanoparticles as our test structures. We find that although such high fields can change the entire structure of Cu nanoparticles, their energetics are described very precisely by the permanent dipole moment and polarizability terms. Thus, we show that neglecting the hyperpolarizability terms is valid even for field values that exceeds the range that is relevant for intense FE and VBD. This work lays a solid foundation for further developing atomic-level simulation models for electric field-induced surface diffusion on metal surfaces and its effects on protrusion growth and VBD initiation.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1329584</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1329584</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Research on the influence of gas ionization on pulse forming in linear transformer driver (LTD) electron beam generator]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-01-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Qiang Li</author><author>Dagang Liu</author><author>Fei Xiang</author><author>Laqun Liu</author><author>Huihui Wang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Currently, there is limited research on the influence of gas ionization on the pulse formation process in pulse power source-driven loads. This paper introduces a road-field-Particle-In-Cell (PIC)/Monte Carlo Collision (MCC) collaborative simulation method that can accurately simulate gas ionization in Linear Transformer Driver (LTD) electron beam generation (EBG). The method couples the electromagnetic field and charged particle simulated through PIC/MCC with the circuit modules, and the load's voltammetry characteristics can real-time feedback to the Blumlein Pulse Forming Network (BPFN) of the LTD. In contrast to prior simulations that used fitted ideal T-shaped pulse input waveforms to model the load, this method provides a clearer depiction of the influence of gas ionization on the pulse shape. Additionally, the paper conducts simulation studies on LTD electron beam generator operating at different argon gas pressures. The findings indicate that introducing gas can effectively increase current while reducing voltage amplitude, thereby lowering the diode impedance. A small amount of gas can slightly enhance peak power, but excessive gas diminishes peak power and significantly shortens voltage pulse width. This is attributed to the beneficial effect of a small amount of gas ionization-produced plasma on the device. However, an excessive amount of gas ionization-generated plasma can lead to impedance mismatch in the device, even resulting in a load short circuit. This phenomenon causes a decrease in pressure drop at the top, consequently shortening the pulse width.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1325851</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1325851</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Application of non-thermal plasma in medicine: a bibliometric and visualization analysis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2023-12-22T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Linna Guo</author><author>Miao Yan</author><author>Hui Gong</author><author>Ziang Zou</author><author>Anders Henningsen</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Non-thermal plasma has been widely studied in medicine due to its beneficial effect with low thermal or other damages. Numerous medical research studies have been conducted using non-thermal plasma devices; yet, to date, there is no report summarizing this field as a whole. In this study, we aim to perform a bibliometric analysis to assess the state of research, current research priorities, and emerging trends in non-thermal plasma medicine over the last two decades. Publications related to non-thermal plasma medicine (2002–2022) were searched in Web of Science core collection. Bibliometric analysis and visualization was then performed using R-Bibliometrix and CiteSpace. A total of 725 publications related to non-thermal plasma were identified. The annual number of publications has increased continuously over the past two decades. n the field of non-thermal plasma medicine, Germany, China and the United States dominated. Of all institutions, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology published the most papers. The journal with highest citation was JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS. Bekeschus Sander published the highest H-value of articles. “Inactivation”, “Apoptosis”, “Chronic Wound” is the primary focus area of non-thermal plasma medicine, “Differentiation”, “Water”, “Gene Expression” and “Cell Death” were the main keywords of the new research hotspots. In this study, bibliometric methods were used to analyze current research priorities and trends in non-thermal plasma medicine and to identify the countries, institutions, authors, and journals with the greatest influence in the field to enhance collaboration and learning.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1189371</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1189371</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Examining homogeneity of dielectric barrier discharge using dispersion normalization and local temperature difference methods]]></title>
        <pubdate>2023-12-05T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>H. Yang</author><author>M. M. Chen</author><author>H. T. Zhang</author><author>F. S. Zhou</author><author>L. Zhang</author><author>F. Sun</author><author>X. Wang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The homogeneous discharge mode in dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) has sparked wide interest in recent years. Assessing the dielectric barrier discharge homogeneity value (DHV) offers value in the industry. The current method of assessing DHV involves distinguishing between the filamentous and homogeneous modes of discharge but struggles to qualitatively analyze it. This study proposes a method for evaluating DHV that involves using the dispersion normalization and the local temperature difference methods. The values of such parameters as the voltage, frequency, air gap, and gas flow were tested to verify the validity and generality of the proposed method. The results of experiments revealed that the dispersion normalization method uses information on the luminosity of the discharge image to assess the homogeneity of DBD under different conditions. The temperature difference in the area of discharge was also calculated to assess the homogeneity of DBD, and the results showed that it is useful to this end. Moreover, the dispersion coefficient and the difference in local temperature were found to be inversely proportional to DHV. The proposed method can thus be used to identify variations in DHV under different conditions, and provides a basis for its characterization.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1286345</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1286345</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Numerical treatment of a magnetized electron fluid model in a 3D simulator of plasma thruster plumes]]></title>
        <pubdate>2023-10-19T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Alberto Modesti</author><author>Filippo Cichocki</author><author>Eduardo Ahedo</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Simulations of energetic plumes from plasma thrusters are of great interest for estimating performances and interactions with the spacecraft. Both in fully fluid and hybrid (particle/fluid) models, the electron population is described by a set of fluid equations whose resolution by different numerical schemes can be strongly affected by convergence and accuracy issues. The case of magnetized plumes is more critical. Here, the numerical discretization of the electron fluid model of a 3D hybrid simulator of plasma plumes was upgraded from a finite-differences (FD) formulation in a collocated grid to a finite-volumes (FV) approach in a staggered grid. Both approaches make use of structured meshes of different resolutions and are compared in two scenarios of interest: 1) an unmagnetized plasma plume around a spacecraft and 2) a magnetized plume expansion in free space. In both physical scenarios, the FD scheme exhibits a global continuity error related to truncation errors that can be reduced only by refining the mesh. The origin of this error is further investigated and explained here. The FV scheme instead can save much computational time using coarser meshes since it is unaffected by these errors due to the conservativeness of its formulation. The physical advantage of the FV scheme over the FD approach is more evident for magnetized plumes with high Hall parameters since it allows us to reach higher anisotropy conditions, here assessed in order to gain insights into the plume magnetization effects, finding that the already foreseen saturation of circulating electric current occurs for Hall parameters of several hundreds.]]></description>
      </item>
      </channel>
    </rss>