AUTHOR=Silva-Reis Anamei , Rodrigues Brandao-Rangel Maysa Alves , Moraes-Ferreira Renilson , Gonçalves-Alves Thiago Gibson , Souza-Palmeira Victor Hugo , Aquino-Santos Helida Cristina , Bachi Andre Luis Lacerda , Oliveira Luis Vicente Franco de , Lopes-Martins Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão , Oliveira-Silva Iranse , Albertini Regiane , Frison Claudio Ricardo , Vieira Rodolfo P 

TITLE=Combined resistance and aerobic training improves lung function and mechanics and fibrotic biomarkers in overweight and obese women

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Physiology

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.946402

DOI=10.3389/fphys.2022.946402

ISSN=1664-042X

ABSTRACT=BACKGROUND: Obesity impairs lung function and mechanics and lead to low-grade inflammation, but the effects of combined physical exercise (CPE) on that are unknown. METHODS: We investigated the effects of 12 weeks of CPE (aerobic + resistance training), in non-obese (n=12), overweight (n=17) and obese grade I (n=11) women. Lung function and lung mechanics was evaluated. The systemic immune response was evaluated by the whole blood analysis and biomarkers measurements, while the pulmonary fibrotic biomarkers were evaluated in the breath condensate. RESULTS: CPE improved (forced vital capacity) FVC% (p<0.001) and (peak expiratory flow) PEF% (p<0.0003) in obese group, the resistance of respiratory system (R5Hz) in non-obese (p<0.0099), overweight (p<0.0005) and obese (p<0.0001) groups; resistance of proximal airways (R20Hz) in non-obese (p<0.01), overweight (p<0.0009) and obese (p<0.0001) groups; resistance of distal airways (R5Hz-R20Hz) in non-obese (p<0.01), overweight (p<0.0012) and obese (p<0.0001) groups; reactance of the respiratory system (X5Hz) in non-obese (p<0.01), overweight (p<0.0006) and obese (p<0.0005) groups; impedance of respiratory system (Z5Hz) in non-obese (p<0.0099), overweight (p<0.0005) and obese (p<0.0001) groups; central resistance (RCentral) in non-obese (p<0.01), overweight (p<0.001) and obese (p<0.0003) groups; and in the peripheral resistance (RPeripheral) in non-obese (p<0.03), overweight (p<0.001) and obese (p<0.0002) groups. CPE reduced the pro-fibrotic IGF-1 levels in BC in overweight (p<0.0094) and obese (p<0.0001) and increased anti-fibrotic Klotho levels in BC in obese (p<0.0001) groups, reduced levels of exhaled nitric oxide in overweight (p<0.03) and obese (p<0.0001) groups. CONCLUSIONS: CPE improves lung function, mechanics, and pulmonary immune response in overweight and obese grade I women by increasing anti-fibrotic protein Klotho and reducing pro-fibrotic IGF-1.