AUTHOR=Pettit Callum , Charlton Peter H. , Aston Philip J. 

TITLE=Photoplethysmogram beat detection using Symmetric Projection Attractor Reconstruction

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Physiology

VOLUME=Volume 15 - 2024

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology/articles/10.3389/fphys.2024.1228439

DOI=10.3389/fphys.2024.1228439

ISSN=1664-042X

ABSTRACT=Many methods have been proposed to detect beats in photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals. We present a novel method which uses the Symmetric Projection Attractor Reconstruction (SPAR) method to generate an attractor in a two dimensional phase space from the PPG signal. We can then define a line through the origin of this phase space to be a Poincar é section, as is commonly used in dynamical systems. Beats are detected when the attractor trajectory crosses the Poincar é section. By considering baseline drift, we define an optimal Poincar é section to use.The performance of this method was assessed using the WESAD dataset, achieving median F 1 scores of 74.3% in the Baseline phase, 63.0% during Stress, 93.6% during Amusement, and 97.7% during Meditation. Performance was better than an earlier version of the method, and comparable to one of the best algorithms identified in a recent benchmarking study of 15 beat detection algorithms. In addition, our method performed better than two others in the accuracy of the inter-beat intervals for two resting subjects.