AUTHOR=Liu Yong-Hua , Offler Christina E. , Ruan Yong-Ling 

TITLE=A simple, rapid, and reliable protocol to localize hydrogen peroxide in large plant organs by DAB-mediated tissue printing

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=Volume 5 - 2014

YEAR=2014

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2014.00745

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2014.00745

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=<p>Hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) is a major reactive oxygen species (ROS) and plays diverse roles in plant development and stress responses. However, its localization in large and thick plant organs (e.g., stem, roots, and fruits), other than leaves, has proven to be challenging due to the difficulties for the commonly used H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-specific chemicals, such as 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB), cerium chloride (CeCl<sub>3</sub>), and 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (H<sub>2</sub>DCF-DA), to penetrate those organs. Theoretically, the reaction of endogenous H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> with these chemicals could be facilitated by using thin organ sections. However, the rapid production of wound-induced H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> associated with this procedure inevitably disturbs the original distribution of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub><italic>in vivo</italic>. Here, by employing tomato seedling stems and fruits as testing materials, we report a novel, simple, and rapid protocol to localize H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in those organs using DAB-mediated tissue printing. The rapidity of the protocol (within 15 s) completely avoided the interference of wound-induced H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> during experimentation. Moreover, the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> signal on the printing was stable for at least 1 h with no or little background produced. We conclude that DAB-mediated tissue printing developed here provide a new feasible and reliable method to localize H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in large plant organs, hence should have broad applications in studying ROS biology.</p>