AUTHOR=Beccaccioli Marzia , Pucci Nicoletta , Salustri Manuel , Scortichini Marco , Zaccaria Marco , Momeni Babak , Loreti Stefania , Reverberi Massimo , Scala Valeria 

TITLE=Fungal and bacterial oxylipins are signals for intra- and inter-cellular communication within plant disease

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.823233

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2022.823233

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=Lipids are central at various stages of host–pathogen interactions in determining virulence and modulating plant defense. Free fatty acids may act as substrates for oxidizing enzymes [e.g., lipoxygenases (LOXs) and dioxygenases (DOXs)] that synthesize oxylipins. Fatty acids and oxylipins function as modulators of several pathways in cell-to-cell communication; their structural similarity among plant, fungal, and bacterial taxa suggests potential in cross-kingdom communication. We provide a prospect of the known role of fatty acids and oxylipins in fungi and bacteria during plant–pathogen interactions. In the pathogens, oxylipin-mediated signaling pathways are crucial both in development and host infection. Here, we report on case-studies suggesting that oxylipins derived from the oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid are crucial in modulating the pathogenic lifestyle in the host plant. Intriguingly, overlapping (fungi-plant/bacteria-plant) results suggest that different inter-kingdom pathosystems use similar lipid signals to reshape the lifestyle of the contenders and occasionally determine the outcome of the challenge.