AUTHOR=Liu Yanjiang , Wu Mingli , Xu Xue , Zhu Xiao , Dai Zhaoxia , Gou Guangqian 

TITLE=Genetic diversity and phylogeography of the endemic species Chimonobambusa utilis growing in southwest China: Chloroplast DNA sequence and microsatellite marker analyses

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.943225

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2022.943225

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=Chimonobambusa utilis (Keng) Keng F, which is only distributed in the Daluoshan Mountains, is an endemic species in southwest China. Because of its distinct flavor and deliciousness, the Ch. utilis industry has contributed to driving economic development in some counties. In this study, 20 natural populations were sampled from the entire distribution range of Ch. utilis. Five EST-SSR molecular markers, three chloroplast DNA (trnH-psbA, atpF-atpH, and psbK-psbI), and ITS molecular markers were used in genetic diversity and phylogeography analyses of these Ch. utilis populations. We found that Ch. utilis populations showed lower genetic diversity than other angiosperms (HT = 0.752, HS = 0.364, FST = 0.05021 for EST-SSR; HT = 0.956, Hs = 0.507, FST = 0.70121 for cpDNA; HT = 0.868, Hs = 0.495, FST = 0.70121 for nrDNA). Forty alleles were detected for five polymorphic loci. We detected 20 polymorphic sites and 11 haplotypes within 1398 bp of cpDNA and 59 polymorphic sites and 32 haplotypes within the 589 bp of ITS sequence. Based on the haplotype distribution, we infer that there were at least two glacial refuges of Ch. utilis populations during the Quaternary Ice Age. The genetic distance and geographic distance were correlated (P<0.05), indicating that naarrow distribution might be the primary cause of the low genetic differentiation of Ch. utilis populations. Based on the genetic diversity of Ch. utilis populations, we recommend implementing effective genetic resource management and sustainable utilization.