AUTHOR=Nayak Namitha , Mehrotra Sandhya , Karamchandani Arti Narendra , Santelia Diana , Mehrotra Rajesh 

TITLE=Recent advances in designing synthetic plant regulatory modules

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1567659

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2025.1567659

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=Introducing novel functions in plants through synthetic multigene circuits requires strict transcriptional regulation. Currently, the use of natural regulatory modules in synthetic circuits is hindered by our limited knowledge of complex plant regulatory mechanisms, the paucity of characterized promoters, and the possibility of crosstalk with endogenous circuits. Synthetic regulatory modules can overcome these limitations. This article introduces an integrative de novo approach for designing plant synthetic promoters by utilizing the available online tools and databases. The recent achievements in designing and validating synthetic plant promoters, enhancers, transcription factors, and the challenges of establishing synthetic circuits in plants are also discussed.