AUTHOR=Halane Hodan , McDowell Tim , Dhaubhadel Sangeeta 

TITLE=Temporal sampling of root exudates using coated blade-SPME for decoding plant–pathogen interactions

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1616881

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2025.1616881

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=Root exudates shape the rhizosphere and mediate plant–microbe interactions, yet traditional sampling techniques often disturb the natural environment. Here, we present the use of coated blade-solid-phase microextraction (CB-SPME) method for passive, non-invasive in situ temporal metabolomic profiling of pea (Pisum sativum) root exudates during infection by the soil-borne pathogen Aphanomyces euteiches. In comparison to previously established extraction techniques, CB-SPME delivered lower absolute recovery but superior reproducibility while maintaining sensitivity. This non-destructive approach preserves rhizosphere integrity, enabling continuous monitoring of dynamic metabolite fluctuations and offers new insights into how root exudate influences plant–microbiome interactions.