AUTHOR=Pedroarena-Leal Nicole , Ruge Diane 

TITLE=Toward a Symptom-Guided Neurostimulation for Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry

VOLUME=Volume 8 - 2017

YEAR=2017

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00029

DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00029

ISSN=1664-0640

ABSTRACT=Therapy resistance of approximately one-third of patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) requires consideration of alternative therapeutic interventions. The article provides a condensed review of the invasive and non-invasive stimulation techniques that have been applied, to date, for treatment and investigation of GTS.  Through this short review, the article discusses potential novel applications for neurostimulation techniques based on a symptom-guided approach.  The concept of considering the physiological basis of specific symptoms when using stimulation techniques will provide a platform for more effective non-pharmacological neuromodulation of symptoms in GTS.