AUTHOR=Romero Soledad , de la Serna Elena , Baeza Inmaculada , Valli Isabel , Pariente José Carlos , Picado Marisol , Bargalló Nuria , Sugranyes Gisela , Castro-Fornieles Josefina TITLE=Altered White Matter Integrity at Illness Onset in Adolescents With a First Episode of Psychosis JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry VOLUME=13 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.876793 DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2022.876793 ISSN=1664-0640 ABSTRACT=Background

Disruption in white matter integrity has been consistently observed in individuals with psychosis. However, whether such abnormalities are already present at illness onset or are related to downstream processes remains elusive. The study of adolescents with a recent onset of psychosis provides the opportunity to evaluate white matter integrity proximally to disease onset.

Methods

Twenty-six adolescents (aged 15.9 ± 1.3 years) with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) (less than 6 months duration) were compared with 26 age and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) (16.8 ± 2 years). In participants with a FEP, clinical diagnoses were confirmed after a minimum of 1 year follow-up (main categories: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or schizoaffective disorder). Anatomical images and diffusion tensor sequences were acquired using a 1.5T scanner. Whole brain, voxel-wise group differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) were investigated between participants with a FEP and controls.

Results

Relative to HC, FEP participants displayed decreased FA in the right posterior cingulate gyrus, encompassing the right superior and posterior corona radiata, and the right parahippocampal gyrus, including the cingulum and fornix. FEP patients showed no areas of increased FA relative to HC. The results remained significant after controlling for medication, cannabis use and intelligence.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that adolescents with recent onset of psychotic disorders show decreased white matter integrity in circuits implicated in cognitive functions and emotion regulation.