AUTHOR=Zhao Weidong , Shu Ting , Ma Yue , Wei Xuemei , Zhu Cairong , Peng Liping , Zhao Lihong , Zhang Qin 

TITLE=Examining the dimensionality, reliability, and invariance of the Chinese version of the Resilience Scale-14: A multicenter cross-sectional survey in Chinese junior nurses

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.964151

DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2022.964151

ISSN=1664-0640

ABSTRACT=Background
This study aimed to present the psychometric properties (dimensionality, reliability, and invariance ) of the Chinese 14-Item Resilience Scale (RS-14) within Chinese regster nurses (RNs) with less than three years’ work experiences. And we aimed to compare the fit of a unidimensional model and a bifactor model.  
Methods 
This multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to September in 2019. A total of 7231 registered nurses from 90 hospitals were recruited. Data was anonymously obtained through online questionnaires. Both reliability and validity of Chinese RS-14 were assessed. The confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were used to compare the fit of two different factor structures of the RS-14 (unidimensional model vs. a bifactor model). Moreover, multigroup CFA (MGCFA) were applied to evaluate the measurement invariance (MI) across sociodemographic parameters (gender, educational level, marital status, and et al.).  
Design
Cross-sectional quantitative analyses.
Results
Our study confirmed that the bifactor model presented the best fit within Chinese nurses (CFI =0.924, TLI =0.909, RMSEA =0.095, SRMR =0.043), and found strong factorial invariance across gender, marital status, and status of receiving standardized training. The reliability of RS-14 was high with a Cronbach' s alpha coefficient of 0.939. Moreover, RS-14 was positively correlatewd with the social support and was negatively correlated with workplace bullying.
Conclusion 
This is the first study to explore the latent factor structure for the RS-14 among Chinese RNs and evaluated MI across a series of sociodemographic variables. Based on our findings, the Chinese version RS-14 is both valid and reliable.