AUTHOR=Ahmad Muhammad Sohail , Bukhari Zainab , Khan Sundas , Ashraf Imran , Kanwal Asma TITLE=No safe place for war survivors: War memory, event exposure, and migrants' psychological trauma JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2022 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.966556 DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2022.966556 ISSN=1664-0640 ABSTRACT=

The present study explores the concept of reenactment of known and unknown war trauma that may be unfamiliar to the readers while also opening up new discourses of understanding and empathy through the lens of Cathy Caruth's trauma theory by focusing on the novel A Land of Permanent Goodbyes by Atia Abawi. War fiction, such as Abawi's novel, highlights the concept of psychological trauma as a double wound (known as “outsiders” and unknown as “insiders”) through the textual analysis and characterization of characters by presenting their haunting pasts, present lives, and losses concerning traumatic events. The present study also recounts what the trauma of the unknown means to war-torn survivors by focusing on “trauma as double wounds” from three aspects: cause, effects, and recuperation. Finally, the study concludes with a new paradigm in which trauma is portrayed as a healer rather than a wound.