AUTHOR=Simons-Morton Bruce G. , Bingham C. Raymond , Li Kaigang , Zhu Chunming , Buckley Lisa , Falk Emily B. , Shope Jean Thatcher TITLE=The Effect of Teenage Passengers on Simulated Risky Driving Among Teenagers: A Randomized Trial JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychology VOLUME=10 YEAR=2019 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00923 DOI=10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00923 ISSN=1664-1078 ABSTRACT=
Teenage passengers might influence risky driving, particularly in certain mental states. Notably, social exclusion could increase social conformity. Two studies examined simulated intersection management among young drivers after a social exclusion activity (Cyberball). In Study 1 [112 males (mean = 17.3 years)], risky driving was significantly greater among excluded males driving with a risk-accepting vs. passive passenger; no effect of social exclusion. In Study 2 [115 females (mean = 17.1 years)], risky driving was significantly greater among excluded females driving with a risk-accepting vs. a passive passenger, and greater among those included (fair play) vs. excluded when driving with a risk-accepting passenger. Risky driving behavior among male and female teenagers may be influenced uniquely by passenger norms and social exclusion.