AUTHOR=Hernández Laura , Mejía Diana , Avila-Chauvet Laurent 

TITLE=Discounting, Cognitive Inflexibility, and Antisocial Traits as Predictors of Adolescent Drug Involvement

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychology

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.676250

DOI=10.3389/fpsyg.2021.676250

ISSN=1664-1078

ABSTRACT=Cognitive impairments such as steep delay discounting have been correlated with substance related disorders. However, antisocial traits (AT), cognitive inflexibility (CI), and loss discounting have been barely considered despite having a high relationship with problematic-consume. This study aims to identify differences between the four types of drug involvement, evaluating two cognitive tasks and antisocial traits. Fifty-two adolescents from middle and high school, between 13 and 19 years, were assessed with a substance involvement test, four discounting tasks using $3000, a card sorting test, and antisocial screening. Discriminant analysis with simultaneous estimation and varimax rotation was carried out. Non-use had lower AT and area under the curve (AUC) in probabilistic losses than problematic-consume. Moderate-consume had smaller AUC in delay losses than experimental use, and smaller AUC in probabilistic gains than problematic-consume. Function one included both losses discounting, function two AT and CI, and function three probabilistic gains. The three functions explained 60.1% of the variance. Results show that non-use showed lower AT and more preference for larger and unlikely punishments than problematic-consume. In turn, moderate-consume presented more predilection for large and delay punishments than experimental use, and less risk-taking than problematic-consume. High preference for small and soon punishments, and for larger and unlikely punishments distinguished non-use and experimental use of moderate-consume and problematic-consume. High AT and low CI distinguished experimental use group of non-use. Risk-taking did not discriminate effectively moderate-consume of problematic-consume.