AUTHOR=Scarpina Federica , Bastoni Ilaria , Cappelli Simone , Priano Lorenzo , Giacomotti Emanuela , Castelnuovo Gianluca , Molinari Enrico , Tovaglieri Ilaria Maria Angela , Cornacchia Mauro , Fanari Paolo , Mauro Alessandro 

TITLE=Short-Term Effects of a Multidisciplinary Residential Rehabilitation Program on Perceived Risks, Confidence Toward Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment, and Self-Efficacy in a Sample of Individuals Affected by Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychology

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.703089

DOI=10.3389/fpsyg.2021.703089

ISSN=1664-1078

ABSTRACT=Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the standard treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) syndrome. However, optimizing individuals’ adherence to CPAP therapy remains very challenging for clinicians, because of the role played by psychological components.  
In this paper, we verified changes in individuals’ cognitions and beliefs after a four-week multidisciplinary residential rehabilitation program targeting the adaptation to CPAP therapy for OSA syndrome. We assessed the components of perceived risks, confidence toward the treatment, and self-efficacy through the self-report questionnaire Self-Efficacy in Sleep Apnea (i.e., SEMSA). Also, we explored the role played by the temperamental traits on the changes registered in these components after the treatment. 
Forty-five participants completed the rehabilitation program, showing a higher level of adherence to the treatment. Significant changes were observed in terms of confidence toward the treatment, although no change was reported in terms of perceived risks and self-efficacy. Moreover, those individuals with a higher persistent temperamental trait reported a significant improvement in perceived risks, in absence of other significant results. 
After the rehabilitative treatment, our participants were more prone to consider the effect of CPAP treatment on health outcome. This was in line with the educational aim of the rehabilitative treatment. The temperament seemed to play only a marginal role in the global changes reported by our participants. We discussed the need of behavioral interventions, in addition to education, in improving  patient's self-efficacy.