AUTHOR=Bugten Jesper B. , Lugo Ricardo G. , Steptoe Karl 

TITLE=Validation of the Need for Competing Inventory

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychology

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.721903

DOI=10.3389/fpsyg.2021.721903

ISSN=1664-1078

ABSTRACT=Past studies have been conducted on competitiveness and the achievement orientation as two noncooperative explanations for achievement motivation and achievement behavior. But a complimentary representation of a competitive-achievement orientation was yet to be explored. This paper developed and validated the need for competing inventory (NCI), and further investigated its relations with achievement orientation, emotional assessment, self-efficacy, grit, anxiety, and flow. The results from the present study supports the theoretical construct of the need for competing, hoping it will give a solid foundation for a competitive-achievement orientation, which is suggested to play a significant role in competitive achievement behavior. Hopefully, the results from the present study will open a debate for including a competitive-achievement orientation in future research with the aim for a stronger predictor for achievement behavior.