AUTHOR=Thuany Mabliny , Bandeira Paulo Felipe Ribeiro , Vieira Douglas , Weiss Katja , Knechtle Beat , Gomes Thayse Natacha 

TITLE=The subject-environment interplay between runners from different Brazilian macro-regions

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychology

VOLUME=Volume 14 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1134797

DOI=10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1134797

ISSN=1664-1078

ABSTRACT=Purpose: Our purpose was to investigate the interplay between runners and their environment using a network approach. 
Methods: This cross-sectional study sampled Brazilian runners of both sexes, from the five macro-regions of the country. An electronic questionnaire was used to obtain information regarding age, sex, training volume, socio-economic level, place of residence, and running pace. Environmental indicators (public illumination, pavement, sidewalk, and green areas) were collected from available public information. Descriptive statistics were presented in mean (SD), and frequency (%). A network analysis was performed to evaluate the association between individual and environmental characteristics.
Results: At North and Mid-West regions, public illumination presents the highest values for the expected influence (1.74 and 1.56), while at Northeast and Southeast, sidewalks present the highest values (2.13; 0.91). For betweenness centrality, in North, Northeast, and Mid-West regions, residency in the capital of a state presented a hub. In contrast, pavement and training volume present higher values at South and Southeast. Network topologies are different. 
Conclusion: Public illumination (North and Mid-West) and sidewalk (Northeast, Southeast) were the most important variables for runners. Continental size countries need specific approaches to improve physical activity levels and health outcomes that consider the cultural, historical, and environmental background.