AUTHOR=Saxena Mitali Praveen Kumar , Ganuthula Venkat Ram Reddy 

TITLE=Relationship between feedback frequency and task performance: evidence on the mediating role of heart rate

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychology

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1438865

DOI=10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1438865

ISSN=1664-1078

ABSTRACT=This study looks into the impact of feedback frequency, a source of cognitive load, on heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV). The experiment was undertaken using a sample of 96 university students, wherein the feedback frequency was manipulated during an arithmetic task performance. During the task, participants were instructed to wear the E4 Empatica device, which is used to assess HR and HRV. The metrics used to measure HRV were the Standard Deviation of NN Intervals (SDNN) and Root Mean Square of Successive Differences (RMSSD). The study revealed notable disparities in the average HR values across the three feedback conditions. Optimal performance was achieved when HR was elevated (indicating the highest level of cognitive load) and feedback frequency was moderate. Further, HR mediated the association between feedback frequency and task performance. However, no significant impact of feedback frequency on HRV was found.