AUTHOR=Goni Mohammed Dauda , Hasan Habsah , Wan-Arfah Nadiah , Naing Nyi Nyi , Deris Zakuan Zainy , Arifin Wan Nor , Baaba Aisha Abubakar , Aliyu Abdulwahab , Adam Babagana Mohammed 

TITLE=Health Education Intervention as an Effective Means for Prevention of Respiratory Infections Among Hajj Pilgrims: A Review

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health

VOLUME=Volume 8 - 2020

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00449

DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2020.00449

ISSN=2296-2565

ABSTRACT=The prevalence of respiratory illness has continued to surge among hajj pilgrims from different countries despite having some practices of preventive measures. Respiratory illnesses during Hajj could be due to a lot of reasons and many factors which favors spread there such as overcrowding, cigarette smoking, and direct contact with infectious agents particularly viruses which spread easily and faster, although bacterial infection results as secondary complications. However, due to the longer duration of the pilgrimage, there are high chances of pilgrims contracting various respiratory illnesses. Hajj pilgrims’ knowledge, attitude and practice towards respiratory tract infection are used as the determinant of the effectiveness of the health education modules following intervention. Knowledge and application of basic hygiene principles, use of face masks, cough etiquettes, social distancing and other measures is therefore highly important. This paper reviewed the various effective intervention strategies towards the prevention of respiratory tract infection during Hajj.