AUTHOR=Ou Young Te , Wu Li-Wei , Hsiu Hsin , Peng Tao-Chun , Chen Wei-Liang 

TITLE=Characteristics of sarcopenia subjects in arterial pulse spectrum analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health

VOLUME=Volume 10 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.969424

DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2022.969424

ISSN=2296-2565

ABSTRACT=Aims : Sarcopenia is significantly associated with the number of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, however, the underlying pathophysiological processes are largely unknown.
This study performed harmonic index of finger photoplethysmography (PPG) waveforms with the aims of distinguishing different arterial pulse waveform signals between sarcopenia, presarcopenia, dynapenia and healthy subjects.
Methods: 68 subjects were enrolled and obtained one-minute PPG signals, then were assigned to 4 age-matched groups: Control, Dynapenia, Presarcopenia and Sarcopenia which definition according to Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS): 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment. Harmonics 1 to 10 of the PPG waveform were obtained and calculated each of the amplitude proportions (Cn), standard deviations (SDn), coefficients of variations (CVn) and vascular elasticity index (VEI) for to evaluating the blood-pressure harmonic variability.
Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia in women gender (8 out of 9, 88.9%, p=0.046) and osteoporosis in dynapenia (7 out of 16, 43.8%, p=0.005) were significant higher. Among the four groups, compared with Control, Dynapenia, and Presarcopenia, Sarcopenia had largest SDn values for harmonics1,2,3 and 5 (ratio 1,2,3,5= 0.354, 0.209, 0.137, 0.074)；whereas Sarcopenia had largest coefficients of variations (CVn) values for harmonics1,2,3 and 10 (ratio 1,2,3,10= 0.263, 0.310, 0.402, 0.791). Besides, the Δ odds ratio of ratio 3, 4 and 6 tertile values were significantly increased in sarcopenia and possible sarcopenia group compared with control group. Subjects with sarcopenia had significantly higher vascular elasticity index (VEI) in mean, SD and CV of the photoplethysmography (PPG) waveform (mean= 2.332, SD=1.479, CV=0.634, p=0.007) among the groups and the results of binary logistic regression analysis in the tertiles met statistical significance between the sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia groups whether adjusted or unadjusted (adjusted odds ratio 6.956, p=0.030, unadjusted odds ratio 3.937, p=0.039).
Conclusions: The elasticity of vessels among sarcopenia groups in lower-frequency components of harmonic ratio in which we defined as VEI showed a significantly highest VEI mean, SD and CV in Sarcopenia indicates the poorer elasticity of the arteries. The present findings showed finger PPG waveform measurements may be useful for early detection of vascular diseases with patients with sarcopenia in a non-invasive and easy-to-perform technique.