AUTHOR=Peng Liuqing , Jing Jiarui , Ma Jun , He Simin , Gao Xue , Wang Tong 

TITLE=Insomnia and sleep duration on COVID-19 susceptibility and hospitalization: A Mendelian randomization study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.995664

DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2022.995664

ISSN=2296-2565

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>Sleep disturbance including insomnia and sleep duration is associated with an increased risk of infectious. With the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is important to explore potential causal associations of sleep disturbance on COVID-19 susceptibility and hospitalization.</p></sec><sec><title>Method</title><p>Insomnia and sleep duration were selected as exposure. Outcomes included susceptibility and hospitalization for COVID-19. Two sample mendelian randomization design was used to assess causality between sleep and COVID-19. Inverse variance weighted method was used as main analysis method to combine the ratio estimates for each instrumental variable to obtain the causal effect. Cochran's Q statistic was used to test for global heterogeneity. MR-Egger and weighting median estimator (WME) were used as sensitivity analysis to ensure the stability and reliability of the results. MR-Egger intercept term was used to test the mean pleiotropy. In addition, the direct effects of insomnia and sleep duration on COVID-19 susceptibility and hospitalization were estimated using multivariable mendelian randomization (MVMR).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Univariate MR provided no evidence of a causal associations of insomnia on COVID-19 susceptibility (OR = 1.10, 95% CI:0.95, 1.27; <italic>p</italic> = 0.21) and hospitalization (OR = 0.61, 95% CI:0.40, 0.92; <italic>p</italic> = 0.02); as does sleep duration (OR<sub>COIVD − 19susceptibility</sub> = 0.93, 95% CI:0.86, 1.01; <italic>p</italic> = 0.07; OR<sub>COIVD − 19</sub><sub>hospitalization</sub> = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.47; <italic>p</italic> = 0.08). MVMR results showed that insomnia may be a risk factor for increased susceptibility to COVID-19 (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.05; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001); and sleep duration was also associated with increased COVID-19 susceptibility (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.18, 1.46; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Insomnia and extreme sleep duration may risk factors for increased COVID-19 susceptibility. Relieving insomnia and maintaining normal sleep duration may be powerful measures to reduce COVID-19 infections.</p></sec>