AUTHOR=Zatońska Katarzyna , Basiak-Rasała Alicja , Połtyn-Zaradna Katarzyna , Gaweł-Dąbrowska Dagmara , Wołyniec Maria , Karczewski Maciej , Szuba Andrzej 

TITLE=Sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with controlled hypertension after 9 years of observation of a PURE Poland cohort study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1167515

DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2023.1167515

ISSN=2296-2565

ABSTRACT=Introduction: Despite some improvement in awareness and treatment of hypertension, blood pressure control is still below expectations in Poland. The aim of the study was to analyze the secular trend of hypertension prevalence in PURE Poland cohort study over 9 years of observation and to analyze factors associated with controlled HT.
Methods: The study group consisted of 1598 participants enrolled into Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological Study (PURE), who participated both in baseline (2007-2010) and 9-year follow-up (2016-2019). Hypertension was ascertained on the basis of 1) self-reported hypertension previously diagnosed by the physician; and/or 2) self-reported anti-hypertensive medication and/or 3) an average of two blood pressure measurements >= 140 mmHg systolic BP and/or >= 90 mmHg diastolic BP. 
Results: The prevalence of hypertension increased from 69.4% at baseline to 85.9% at 9-year follow-up. The chance of HT was 8.6-fold higher in the oldest vs. the youngest age group [OR 8.55; CI 4,47-16,1]. Male sex increased the chance for hypertension over 3-fold [OR 3.23; CI 2,26-4,73]. Obesity, according to BMI, increased the chance of HT 8-fold [OR 8.01; CI 5.20-12.8] in comparison to normal body weight. Male sex decreased the chance of controlled HT after 9 years [OR 0.68; CI 0.50-0.92]. There was no statistically significant association between controlled HT and age or place of residence. Higher and secondary education increased the chance of controlled HT over 2-fold in comparison to primary education [OR 2.35; CI 1.27 – 4.34, OR 2.34; CI 1.33-4.11 respectively]. Obesity significantly decreased the chance of controlled HT after 9 years in comparison to normal body weight [OR 0.54; CI 0.35 – 0.83].
Conclusion: Factors significantly increasing the chance for controlled hypertension after 9 years were female sex, secondary and tertiary education, normal body weight and avoiding alcohol drinking. Changes in lifestyle, with special emphasis on maintaining normal body weight, should be the basis of prevention and control of HT.