AUTHOR=Yao Wen , Cao Yuan , Tian Yuan , Liu Yuanyuan , Hua Xin , Chen Fang 

TITLE=Were there any missing mediators between visual impairment and anxiety symptoms? Results from Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2024

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1448638

DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2024.1448638

ISSN=2296-2565

ABSTRACT=Introduction: Visual impairment, encompassing low visual acuity and visual field loss, significantly impacts the elderly population worldwide, leading to increased disability and mortality risks. Recent studies suggest a strong association between visual impairment and anxiety, particularly among older adults. This study aims to explore the relationship between visual impairment and anxiety symptoms in elderly individuals in China, and to investigate potential mediating factors. Methods: Data for this study were derived from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), including 11,702 participants aged 65 and older. Visual impairment was assessed through self-reported visual function, while anxiety symptoms were measured using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7). Additional assessments included sleep quality and duration, exercise status, and dietary diversity. Logistic regression models and mediation analysis were employed to explore associations and mediating effects.The findings indicate that visual impairment is significantly associated with increased anxiety symptoms among the elderly (OR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.32 -1.72, P < 0.001). Mediation analysis revealed that sleep quality, dietary diversity score (DDS), and plant-based DDS significantly mediated the relationship between visual impairment and anxiety. In contrast, sleep duration, exercise, and animal-based DDS did not show significant mediating effects. Conclusion: Visual impairment is a crucial predictor of anxiety symptoms in the elderly. Improving sleep quality and promoting a diverse plant-based diet may mitigate anxiety symptoms in this population. Interventions targeting these areas could enhance the mental health and quality of life of elderly individuals with visual impairment.