AUTHOR=Mousavi Behnam , Moore Jessy , Patte Karen A. , Pickett William , O’Leary Deborah D. , Wade Terrance J. 

TITLE=Mental health trajectories over the COVID-19 pandemic among young adults reporting adverse childhood experiences

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1546409

DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2025.1546409

ISSN=2296-2565

ABSTRACT=BackgroundHigher exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) has been shown to worsen the effect of COVID-19 stress on mental health problems in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic among young adults. This study extends that research by examining depression, anxiety, hostility, and perceived stress trajectories across successive phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in a prospective, multi-wave panel study using data collected pre-COVID-19 pandemic onset, Early pandemic, Peak pandemic, and Post-Peak pandemic.MethodsThe baseline data come from the Niagara Longitudinal Heart Study (NLHS) and the three COVID-19 waves come from a sub-study of the NLHS examining the specific impact of the pandemic. Using a Bayesian multivariate mixed-model regression framework, 171 participants who responded to at least one wave of the COVID-19 sub-study were included.ResultsParticipants with higher ACE scores and high COVID-19 stress had elevated trajectories of several poor mental health measures that stayed higher than other groups across all waves of data collection.DiscussionYoung adults who reported higher ACEs were more susceptible to subsequent stress exposure, highlighting a specific, high-risk group who may benefit from targeted intervention programs during times of crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic.