AUTHOR=Bowie Cam , Friston Karl TITLE=Dynamic causal models in infectious disease epidemiology—an assessment of their predictive validity based on the COVID-19 epidemic in the UK 2020 to 2024 JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2025 YEAR=2025 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1573783 DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2025.1573783 ISSN=2296-2565