AUTHOR=Auwal Auwal Rabiu , Ishak Abubakar Sunusi , Saidu Musa Shuaibu , Musa Abbas , Saadu Abubakar , Riaz Anila 

TITLE=The global implications of U.S. withdrawal from WHO and the USAID shutdown: challenges and strategic policy considerations

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1589010

DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2025.1589010

ISSN=2296-2565

ABSTRACT=The U.S. withdrawal from the WHO and the shutdown of USAID disrupt global health governance, threatening disease surveillance and reversing progress made in combating HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria through initiatives like PEPFAR. The WHO's central role in coordinating global health responses, exemplified by its leadership in the COVAX initiative, is critical to pandemic preparedness and equitable vaccine distribution. The disengagement decision undermines humanitarian relief efforts, particularly in fragile states where U.S. contributions are vital for food security, education, and healthcare. This policy brief outlines actionable recommendations to mitigate the risks of U.S. disengagement, focusing on regional health capacity-building, public-private partnerships, and the continuation of critical investments in global health systems.