AUTHOR=Plomin Jana , Schweidler Paul , Oehme Astrid TITLE=Virtual reality check: a comparison of virtual reality, screen-based, and real world settings as research methods for HRI JOURNAL=Frontiers in Robotics and AI VOLUME=Volume 10 - 2023 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2023.1156715 DOI=10.3389/frobt.2023.1156715 ISSN=2296-9144 ABSTRACT=To reduce costs and effort, experiments in human-robot interaction can be carried out in Virtual13 Reality (VR) or in screen-based (SB) formats. However, it is not well examined whether robots are14 perceived and experienced in the same way in VR and SB as they are in the physical world. This15 study addresses this topic in a between-subjects experiment, measuring trust and engagement of an16 interaction with a mobile service robot in a museum scenario. Measures were made in three different17 settings, either the real world, in VR or in a game-like SB and then compared with an ANOVA. The18 results indicate, that neither trust nor engagement differ dependent on the experimental setting. The19 results imply that both VR and SB are eligible ways to explore the interaction with a mobile service20 robot, if some peculiarities of each medium are taken into account.