AUTHOR=Liu Guihong , Yao Zeqin , Chen Guoqiang , Li Yalang , Liang Bing 

TITLE=RETRACTED: Open Nephroureterectomy Compared to Laparoscopic in Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Surgery

VOLUME=Volume 8 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/surgery/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2021.729686

DOI=10.3389/fsurg.2021.729686

ISSN=2296-875X

ABSTRACT=Background
We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of open nephroureterectomy compared to laparoscopic nephroureterectomy on postoperative results in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma subjects.
Methods
A systematic literature search up to January 2021 was done and 36 studies included 23013 subjects with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma at the start of the study; 8178 of them were laparoscopic nephroureterectomy, and 14835 of them were open nephroureterectomy. They were reporting relationships between the efficacy and safety of open nephroureterectomy compared to laparoscopic nephroureterectomy in the treatment of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) or the mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the efficacy and safety of open nephroureterectomy compared to laparoscopic nephroureterectomy in the treatment of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma using the dichotomous or continuous method with a random or fixed-effect model. 
Results
Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy in subjects with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma was significantly related to longer operation time (MD, 43.90; 95% CI, 20.91-66.90, p<0.001), shorter hospital stay (MD, -1.71; 95% CI, -2.42- -1.00, p<0.001), lower blood loss (MD, -133.82; 95% CI, -220.92- -46.73, p=0.003), lower transfusion need  (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.47-0.67, p<0.001), and lower overall complication (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70-0.90, p<0.001) compared to open nephroureterectomy. 
However, no significant difference was found between laparoscopic nephroureterectomy and open nephroureterectomy in subjects with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma in 2-5-years recurrence-free survival (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.69-1.18, p=0.46),  2-5-years cancer-specific survival (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.69-1.28, p=0.68), and 2-5-years overall survival (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.91-1.87, p=0.15). 
Conclusions
Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy in subjects with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma may have a longer operation time, shorter hospital stay, and lower blood loss, transfusion need, and overall complication compared to open nephroureterectomy Furthers studies are required to validate these findings.