AUTHOR=Durutović Otaš , Filipović Aleksandar , Milićević Katarina , Somani Bhaskar , Emiliani Esteban , Skolarikos Andreas , Janković Milica M. TITLE=3D Imaging Segmentation and 3D Rendering Process for a Precise Puncture Strategy During PCNL – a Pilot Study JOURNAL=Frontiers in Surgery VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/surgery/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2022.891596 DOI=10.3389/fsurg.2022.891596 ISSN=2296-875X ABSTRACT=Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is frequently used as the first-line treatment of large and complex stones. The key point for successful complex stone removal with minimal risk of complications is to establish the most appropriate access route. Understanding the three-dimensional (3D) relationship of kidney stones and renal collecting systems is crucial for planning and creating an optimal access route. The aim of this study was to create an elective semi-automated instrument which could help for preoperative comprehensive PCNL access route planning. By using a 3D volume segmentation tool a more accurate approach to the renal collecting system and stone treatment could be planned.