AUTHOR=Tittonell Pablo , Piñeiro Gervasio , Garibaldi Lucas A. , Dogliotti Santiago , Olff Han , Jobbagy Esteban G. 

TITLE=Agroecology in Large Scale Farming—A Research Agenda

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems

VOLUME=Volume 4 - 2020

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-food-systems/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2020.584605

DOI=10.3389/fsufs.2020.584605

ISSN=2571-581X

ABSTRACT=Agroecology promises a third way between common global agriculture tradeoffs such as food production and nature conservation, environmental sustainability and ecosystem services. However most successful examples or mainstreaming agroecology come from smallholder, family agriculture, that represents only about 30% of the world agricultural area. Mainstreaming agroecology among large scale farmers is urgently needed, but it requires addressing specific questions in research, technology and policy development to support sustainable transitions. Here we take stock of the existing knowledge on key aspects necessary to support agroecological transitions in large scale farming, considering two contrasting starting points: highly subsidized and heavily taxed agricultural contexts, represented here by the examples of Western Europe and temperate South America.  We summarize existing knowledge and gaps around service crops, arthropod-mediated functions, landscape and watershed regulation, graze-based livestock, nature conservation and policy mechanisms to support transitions. We finish with a research agenda for agroecology in large scale farming organized in five domains: (i) Breeding for diversity, (ii) Scalable complexity, (iii) Managing cycles beyond plots, (iv) Sharing the cultivated landscape, and (v) Co-innovation with farmers, value chain and policy makers.