AUTHOR=Brownlie Will J. , Sutton Mark A. , Cordell Dana , Reay Dave S. , Heal Kate V. , Withers Paul J. A. , Vanderbeck Isabelle , Spears Bryan M. 

TITLE=Phosphorus price spikes: A wake-up call for phosphorus resilience

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems

VOLUME=Volume 7 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-food-systems/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1088776

DOI=10.3389/fsufs.2023.1088776

ISSN=2571-581X

ABSTRACT=•	Food systems depend on reliable supplies of phosphorus. 
•	Since 2020, a pandemic, geopolitical disputes, trade wars and escalating fuel prices have driven a >400% increase in phosphorus commodity prices. 
•	The Russia-Ukraine conflict has disrupted phosphate trade further. 
•	Concurrently, phosphorus losses to freshwaters are a significant threat to water quality globally. 
•	However, nations are unaware of their ‘phosphorus vulnerability’ and phosphorus is absent in policies. 
•	We discuss the current price spike; drivers, policy responses and their consequences. 
•	We highlight the need for an integrated assessment of phosphorus vulnerability that considers environmental, socio-economic and climate change risks. 
•	Reducing phosphorus waste, increasing recycling and wider system transformation can reduce national reliance on imported phosphorus, whilst enhancing food and water security.