AUTHOR=Philippe Aurélie , Arns Wolfgang , Ditt Vanessa , Hauser Ingeborg A. , Thaiss Friedrich , Sommerer Claudia , Suwelack Barbara , Dragun Duska , Hillen Jan , Schiedel Christiane , Elsässer Anja , Nashan Björn 

TITLE=Impact of everolimus plus calcineurin inhibitor on formation of non-HLA antibodies and graft outcomes in kidney transplant recipients: 12-month results from the ATHENA substudy

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Transplantation

VOLUME=Volume 2 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/transplantation/articles/10.3389/frtra.2023.1273890

DOI=10.3389/frtra.2023.1273890

ISSN=2813-2440

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>Non-human leukocyte antigen (non-HLA) antibodies including antibodies targeting Angiotensin II type 1 (AT1R) and Endothelin-1 type A (ETAR) receptors represent a topic of interest in kidney transplantation (KTx). This exploratory substudy evaluated the impact of everolimus (EVR) or mycophenolic acid (MPA) in combination with tacrolimus (TAC) or cyclosporine A (CsA) in patients with preformed non-HLA antibodies, potentially associated rejections and/or their impact on renal function over 1 year.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>All eligible patients were randomized (1:1:1) before transplantation to receive either EVR/TAC, EVR/CsA, or MPA/TAC regimen. The effect of these regimens on the formation of non-HLA antibodies within one year post <italic>de novo</italic> KTx and the association with clinical events was evaluated descriptively in randomized (<italic>n</italic> = 268) population.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>At Month 12, in EVR/TAC group, higher incidence of patients negative for AT1R- and ETAR-antibodies (82.2% and 76.7%, respectively) was noted, whereas the incidence of AT1R- and ETAR-antibodies positivity (28.1% and 34.7%, respectively) was higher in the MPA/TAC group. Non-HLA antibodies had no influence on clinical outcomes in any treatment group and no graft loss or death was reported.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The studied combinations of immunosuppressants were safe with no influence on clinical outcomes and suggested minimal exposure of calcineurin inhibitors for better patient management.</p></sec><sec><title>Clinical Trial Registration</title><p><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">https://clinicaltrials.gov/</ext-link> (NCT01843348; EudraCT number: 2011-005238-21).</p></sec>