<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <rss version="2.0">
      <channel xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/">
        <title>Frontiers in Urology | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/urology</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Frontiers in Urology | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
        <generator>Frontiers Feed Generator,version:1</generator>
        <pubDate>2026-05-06T08:19:36.299+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
        <item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1704853</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1704853</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Determinants of pediatric urolithiasis hospitalizations in endemic and non-endemic regions of Mexico]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-05T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Xally Camila Cahuantzi-Flores</author><author>Daniel Flores-Ocotzi</author><author>Juan Pablo Flores-Tapia</author><author>Rosa Esther Moo-Puc</author><author>Edgar Villarreal-Jimenez</author><author>Antonio Esqueda-Mendoza</author><author>Salvador Gomez-Carro</author><author>Nina Mendez-Dominguez</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundUrolithiasis in pediatric populations is increasing worldwide, with environmental and social determinants playing key roles. In Mexico, Yucatan is an endemic area for urolithiasis in adults. However, pediatric data are scarce.ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the clinical and ecological characteristics of pediatric urolithiasis hospitalizations in endemic (Yucatan) and non-endemic areas of Mexico.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of national hospital discharge records (2018–2024) for patients <18 years with ICD-10 codes N20.0, N20.1, N20.9, N21.0, and N21.1. The sociodemographic and clinical variables were compared between Yucatan and other states. Non-parametric regression models were used to examine the associations between ecological indicators and hospitalization rates.ResultsA total of 2,238 hospitalizations were identified, with a national rate of 3.28 per 10,000 versus 28.03 in Yucatan. Patients in Yucatan were younger (mean = 111 vs. 128 months, p < 0.001) and more likely to self-report as indigenous (4.9% vs. 2.3%, p = 0.01). The majority of admissions originated from the emergency department (76% vs. 64%, p < 0.001). In the adjusted models, poverty was positively associated with hospitalization rates (β = 0.06, p = 0.032), while water hardness and marginalization lost significance.ConclusionPediatric urolithiasis in Yucatan is associated with younger age, indigenous status, and higher hospitalization rates, highlighting the combined role of environmental and socioeconomic factors. Poverty emerged as a key determinant, underscoring the need for targeted preventive strategies, improved access to safe hydration, and culturally sensitive interventions in vulnerable populations.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1767585</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1767585</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Case Report: Till death - or the urologist - do us part: management of penile wedding-ring incarceration]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-29T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Jaisukh Kalathia</author><author>Bharti Talreja</author><author>Kaushal Patel</author><author>Arvind Valiya</author><author>Giriraj Vala</author><author>Ayush Khetarpal</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Penile strangulation is a rare urological emergency that can rapidly progress to vascular compromise and irreversible tissue damage. Metallic constricting devices pose the greatest challenge due to their rigidity and resistance to conventional removal techniques. We report the case of an adult male who developed progressive penile swelling and pain after self-application of a metallic wedding ring during an episode of emotional distress, necessitating mechanical sectioning with a tungsten-carbide orthopaedic cutter under continuous protective shielding for safe removal.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1811127</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1811127</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Case Report: Isolated male epispadias in adult: a rare case report]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-23T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Rifki Adhi Nofrian</author><author>Joko Pitoyo</author><author>Safendra Siregar</author><author>Albert Ciam</author><author>Muhammad Fadel Yudawa</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionIsolated male epispadias is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by dorsal urethral displacement, typically corrected during infancy. Cases presenting for the first time in adulthood are exceedingly rare and pose unique challenges regarding surgical reconstruction and psychosexual well-being.Case presentationA 35-year-old continent male presented with a dorsal midshaft urethral meatus and associated chordee, seeking correction prior to marriage. The patient underwent a modified Cantwell-Ransley procedure, involving degloving, chordee excision, and ventral transposition of the urethral plate. Postoperative recovery was noted for transient minor glans necrosis, which healed spontaneously. At the three-month follow-up, the patient achieved a functional result with a peak flow rate () of 16 ml/s and an IIEF-5 score of 22/25.ConclusionsSurgical correction of isolated epispadias in adulthood is feasible and offers significant benefits. The modified Cantwell-Ransley technique is a reliable approach for restoring anatomical integrity and sexual function.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1768406</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1768406</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Case report: Pleasure gone wrong”: a case of endoscopic removal of an extra-long urethral electric cable self-inserted for sexual gratification]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-23T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Jaisukh Kalathia</author><author>Bharti Talreja</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Foreign bodies in lower urinary tract, once regarded as rare, are now increasingly recognized and demand urgent urological intervention. Spectrum of self-inserted urethral objects is remarkably wide, ranging from household items to sharp instruments and cables, with motivations spanning sexual-gratification, autoerotic experimentation and psychiatric illnesses. Clinical presentation varies from acute pain, retention, or haematuria to chronic recurrent infections and unexplained voiding symptoms. We present a case of a 49-year-old male who self-inserted an electric cable, which was successfully retrieved intact through endoscopic intervention within six hours of insertion. This case highlights early recognition, minimally invasive retrieval, and attention to underlying behavioural and psychological risk factors to prevent recurrence.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1789586</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1789586</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Liquid-based genomic profiling in high-risk localized prostate cancer]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-10T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Fabiana Bettoni</author><author>Elisângela Monteiro Coser</author><author>Ernande Xavier dos Santos</author><author>Amanda Rafaela Alves Canteli</author><author>Romualdo Morandi Filho</author><author>Vandeclécio Lira</author><author>Livia Loureiro</author><author>Marcia Dellamano</author><author>Raul Torrieri</author><author>Maria José Ferreira Alves</author><author>Leonardo Cardili</author><author>David Queiroz Borges Muniz</author><author>Éder Nisi Ilário</author><author>Roger Chammas</author><author>William Carlos Nahas</author><author>Diogo Assed Bastos</author><author>Anamaria Aranha Camargo</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundTumor genomic profiling using liquid biopsies offers a minimally invasive alternative to tissue biopsy-based approach, with advantages in accessibility, tumor heterogeneity representation, and repeatability. While established in metastatic prostate cancer, its feasibility in localized disease remains unclear due to low ctDNA levels.MethodsWe evaluated the feasibility and performance of tissue and liquid-based genomic profiling in patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer enrolled in a phase 2 neoadjuvant trial. Genomic DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue and cell-free DNA from plasma were analyzed using Illumina TruSight Oncology 500 panels and DRAGEN™ pipelines, with in-house filtering of artifacts and germline variants.ResultsOf 22 FFPE tissue biopsies, only 54.5% (12/22) yielded usable data, with failures due to low DNA quality or quantity. All 27 plasma samples (100%) were successfully sequenced, despite low ctDNA levels. Both approaches identified an average of 3.5 genomic variants per sample, including alterations in SPOP, ATRX, ATM, and ARID1B. Liquid-based genomic profiling achieved superior coverage and depth, enabling sensitive detection of low-frequency mutations. Concordance analysis was limited by the small number of matched samples (n = 4).ConclusionsLiquid-based genomic profiling is feasible and achieved high sequencing success rates in high-risk localized prostate cancer. Although concordance analysis was limited, plasma-based profiling showed robust sequencing performance and detected biologically relevant alterations. These findings support liquid biopsy as a complementary approach for molecular characterization, particularly when tissue samples are limited or of suboptimal quality. Larger studies are required to establish concordance and clinical utility.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1757555</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1757555</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Case Report: Dual giant neobladder stones weighing 950 grams following 18-year loss to follow-up: surgical management and prevention strategies]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Youssef Maachi</author><author>Amine Boustani</author><author>Amine Salim Lalaoui</author><author>Amine Slaoui</author><author>Tarik Karmouni</author><author>Abdellatif Koutani</author><author>Khalid Elkhader</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundNeobladder urolithiasis represents a significant long-term complication following radical cystectomy with orthotopic reconstruction, with incidence ranging from 3-9% for ileal neobladders to as high as 43% for Kock pouch configurations. Giant stones are rare and usually result from prolonged gaps in surveillance combined with inadequate preventive measures.Patient presentationThis is a case of a 78-year-old male presenting with progressive lower urinary tract symptoms after 18 years without urological follow-up following radical cystoprostatectomy and ileal neobladder reconstruction for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (pT2N0M0) performed in 2006. He had relocated geographically one year post-surgery and stopped all urological care, never performing self-catheterization or bladder irrigation as instructed. Computed tomography revealed two massive neobladder stones measuring 10×8×6 cm and 9×7×8 cm with 1,300 Hounsfield Units density. Open cystolithotomy successfully removed both calculi with a combined weight of 950 grams in 90 minutes with minimal blood loss of 100 mL and no complications. Stone analysis confirmed a pure struvite-carbonate apatite composition secondary to chronic Proteus mirabilis infection. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 3. Follow-up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months demonstrated complete symptom resolution, stone-free status on imaging, and stable renal function. However, the patient was subsequently lost to follow-up again after 12 months despite multiple attempts at contact.ConclusionsThis case, representing one of the heaviest dual-stone presentations documented in neobladder patients (950g combined weight), demonstrates that complete surgical excision via open cystolithotomy remains the treatment of choice for giant neobladder calculi. The exceptionally prolonged 18-year surveillance gap enabled progressive bilateral stone development, emphasizing the absolute necessity of lifelong structured follow-up programs for all urinary diversion patients. Comprehensive preventive strategies including daily bladder irrigation with 500–1000 mL normal saline, adequate hydration (≥2.5 L daily), aggressive infection control with surveillance cultures every 3–6 months and suppressive antibiotic prophylaxis when indicated, and regular imaging surveillance are essential to prevent such severe complications. Even after prolonged follow-up loss and massive stone development, curative intervention can achieve excellent outcomes when patients subsequently engage with comprehensive preventive protocols, as demonstrated by this patient’s stone-free status during the 12-month compliant period.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1753089</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1753089</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate with SOLTIVE™ SuperPulsed laser systems: a prospective evaluation of early outcomes in an Asian cohort]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Brian W.H. Siu</author><author>David K.W. Leung</author><author>Rachel S.K. Wong</author><author>Chris H.M. Wong</author><author>Alex Q. Liu</author><author>Chi Hang Yee</author><author>Jeremy Y.C. Teoh</author><author>Peter K.F. Chiu</author><author>Chi Fai Ng</author><author>Ka Lun Lo</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThulium fiber laser (TFL) technology, with its shorter wavelength and higher water absorption coefficient compared to Holmium: YAG laser, offers theoretical advantages in tissue ablation efficiency and safety profile. We aim to evaluate the early safety and feasibility of Thulium fiber laser enucleation of prostate (ThuFLEP) using the SOLTIVE™ SuperPulsed Laser Systems in the first Asian cohort.MethodsThirty-two consecutive men underwent ThuFLEP between October 2022 and September 2025. The primary outcome was the rate of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3 complications as a safety and feasibility signal, along with assessment of short-to-medium-term functional outcomes. Data are presented as median (interquartile range, IQR). Changes in PSA were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.ResultsThe median prostate size was 60 ml (IQR 49.8–76.0 ml), with 50% of patients being catheter dependent. Median operation time was 87 minutes (IQR 73–100 mins). Median enucleated adenoma weight was 31 g (IQR 20–39 g). No Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3 complications occurred. Catheter-free rate was 87.5% on day 1 and 100% by day 14. At 3-month follow-up, median IPSS was 4 (IQR 1–8), median Qmax was 21.5 ml/s (IQR 12.9–28.4 ml/s), with significant PSA reduction (from 6.05 to 1.20 ng/ml; p<0.001). At 12 months (n=25), median Qmax was 21.9 ml/s (IQR 15.2–26.8 ml/s), median IPSS was 2 (IQR 1–5), and there was no surgical or medical retreatment.ConclusionThuFLEP demonstrates early safety and feasibility in this Asian cohort, including catheter-dependent patients. Larger, multicenter studies with longer follow-up are warranted to confirm its safety and efficacy.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05292235.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1813098</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1813098</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Correction: A hybrid combination of in vitro cultured buccal mucosal cells using two different methodologies, complementing each other in successfully repairing a stricture-inflicted human male urethral epithelium]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-26T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Correction</category>
        <author>Akio Horiguchi</author><author>Toshihiro Kushibiki</author><author>Yoshine Mayumi</author><author>Masayuki Shinchi</author><author>Kenichiro Ojima</author><author>Yusuke Hirano</author><author>Shojiro Katoh</author><author>Masaru Iwasaki</author><author>Surya Prakash Vaddi</author><author>Koji Ichiyama</author><author>Rajappa Senthilkumar</author><author>Senthilkumar Preethy</author><author>Samuel J. K. Abraham</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Graphical Abstract]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1719894</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1719894</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Breaking barriers in male infertility: the power of artificial intelligence-driven solutions]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Laura Ibañez Vazquez</author><author>Natalia Pérez Romero</author><author>Daniel Tueti Silva</author><author>Sarelis Infante</author><author>Claudia González-Santander</author><author>Irene De La Parra</author><author>Isabel Galante Romo</author><author>Juan A Gómez Rivas</author><author>Jesús Moreno Sierra</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Infertility is defined as the inability of a sexually active couple, not using contraception, to achieve a spontaneous pregnancy within 12 months. It affects an estimated 8% to 12% of couples worldwide, with 30% to 50% of cases attributable, either primarily or in part, to male factors. Despite the increasing number of assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures performed globally, improvements in fertilization and pregnancy outcomes have been limited. The need to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficiency has driven the development of artificial intelligence (AI) in reproductive medicine. This narrative review aims to explore how AI is transforming the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility. AI technologies are nowadays being used to automate and refine semen analysis, providing more reliable assessments of sperm morphology, motility, and concentration. These innovations enable clinicians to improve the prediction of semen quality and to identify which patients might benefit most from specific interventions, such as sperm retrieval in cases of non-obstructive azoospermia or the selection of optimal sperm cells for reproductive techniques. Moreover, advanced AI algorithms—including support vector machines, deep neural networks, and decision trees—outperform traditional methods, offering greater precision and reducing subjectivity in laboratory evaluations. Additionally, AI is being utilized to estimate the chances of success with assisted reproductive techniques, assess sperm DNA fragmentation, and guide the selection of sperm. The integration of AI into clinical practice not only enables more accessible and personalized diagnoses but also opens new perspectives for the development of individualized treatments, optimizing reproductive outcomes. However, further multicenter validation of AI-based models, methodological standardization, and careful consideration of ethical and privacy issues are necessary before widespread clinical adoption.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1806961</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1806961</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Transperineal versus transrectal systematic prostate biopsy in routine clinical practice: a real-world comparative study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-19T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Anouar El Ghazzaly</author><author>Mohammed Mrabeti</author><author>Abdesamad El Bahri</author><author>Larbi Hamedoun</author><author>Mohammed Tetou</author><author>Mohammed Alami</author><author>Ahmed Ameur</author>
        <description><![CDATA[PurposeProstate biopsy is the reference standard for confirming prostate cancer in men with clinical suspicion. The transrectal (TR) route is widely used but carries a risk of infectious complications and may sample anterior regions less effectively. Transperineal (TP) biopsy has emerged as a safer alternative with lower infectious risk. However, real-world comparative evidence between the routes is limited in some settings. The objective is to compare the diagnostic yield, tissue quality, and complications of systematic TR versus TP prostate biopsy in a Moroccan tertiary center.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 139 men with suspected prostate cancer underwent systematic biopsy via TR or TP biopsy. Analyses were restricted to systematic cores. Biopsy quality was assessed by median core length. Complications were graded using the Clavien–Dindo classification.ResultsA total of 139 men underwent systematic biopsy. Baseline clinical characteristics were similar across most variables, except DRE, between groups. TP yielded a longer median core length than TR (p = 0.02). In contrast, detection rates of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) were similar (40.3% for TR vs 38.9% for TP). Several clinical factors were associated with csPCa detection, including higher PSA, higher PSA density, suspicious DRE, and higher PI-RADS category. In contrast, anterior lesion location was associated with a lower risk of csPCa. Regarding complications, infectious complications were more common after TR biopsy (7.5% compared to 1.4%). Additionally, acute urinary retention was seen in 6.0% of TR cases and 8.3% of TP cases. No Clavien–Dindo grade III or higher events were reported.ConclusionTP systematic biopsy provides csPCa detection comparable to TR biopsy, yields longer cores, and shows a lower observed rate of infectious complications, supporting TP adoption to reduce infectious morbidity without compromising diagnostic performance.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1714844</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1714844</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Absence of bladder cancer cells in surgical smoke from robot-assisted radical cystectomy: a prospective study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Kosuke Shibamori</author><author>Kohei Hashimoto</author><author>Ko Okabe</author><author>Takeshi Maehana</author><author>Tetsuya Shindo</author><author>Yuki Kyoda</author><author>Ko Kobayashi</author><author>Toshiaki Tanaka</author><author>Satoshi Takahashi</author><author>Naoya Masumori</author>
        <description><![CDATA[After robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) for bladder cancer, urologists occasionally encounter distinct recurrences, including port site recurrence and peritoneal dissemination. We hypothesize that the surgical smoke generated during RARC could contain bladder cancer cells, potentially leading to dissemination. Initially, we examined the cytology of the exhaust smoke filters used during laparoscopic radical cystectomy; however, no cancer cells were detected. Subsequently, we conducted digital PCR analysis for the PIK3CA (E545K) gene mutation in surgical smoke collected through a water trap system during RARC. However, we were unable to detect any mutated genes. We subjected T24 bladder cancer cell line pellets to electrocoagulation vaporization and subsequently captured the surgical smoke through a vacuum system. However, we could not detect the TERT (C228T) mutation in the smoke. Consequently, we proceeded with exosome analysis of the smoke obtained from electrocoagulated pellets and the supernatant of T24 cells as the control. The exosome levels in smoke were significantly lower than that in controls. Based on these findings, we concluded that the surgical smoke produced during RARC does not contain cancer cells, genes, or exosomes.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1790745</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1790745</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A rare case of penile granulomatosis with polyangiitis: case report and multidisciplinary management approach]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Matteo Coschignano</author><author>Nicolò Schifano</author><author>Benedetta Pennella</author><author>Sara Baldini</author><author>Ilaria Zais</author><author>Alessio Villano</author><author>Paolo Capogrosso</author><author>Gabriele Antonini</author><author>Alberto Batticciotto</author><author>Antonella Cappelli</author><author>Federico Dehò</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare systemic vasculitis presenting with penile involvement in approximately 1% of male patients diagnosed with the disease, making genital manifestations exceedingly rare in this context. We aimed to describe here the case of a 34-year-old male patient with a history of GPA presenting to our attention for a genital ulcer that required a coordinated multidisciplinary management. A 34-year-old man with a known history of systemic GPA presented to the Accident and Emergency (A&E) Department with a dorsal penile shaft abscess that progressed into a necrotic ulcer consistent with a localization of GPA (active vasculitis) based on histopathological examination. The patient underwent escharotomy and split-thickness skin grafting (STSG), which failed to take possibly due to local infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and/or suspected persistent vasculitic activity. Targeted antimicrobial therapy, corticosteroid-based immunosuppression, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) were subsequently implemented, eventually obtaining secondary-intention wound healing. The total hospital stay was 21 weeks. The patient reported a penile curvature of approximately 110° during erection, resulting in the inability to engage in penetrative intercourse. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for the aesthetic and functional outcomes was reported as unsatisfactory (i.e., 2 out of 5). Penile involvement in GPA necessitates a coordinated multidisciplinary approach. Surgical management of GPA-associated large penile skin defects using STSG should be attempted to minimize the hospital stay and to optimize the aesthetic and functional outcomes; however, patients should be informed about a higher likelihood of complications in this setting. The second-intention healing process for large genital skin defects due to GPA may require long hospital stays and may be associated with severe functional issues despite optimal medical management. HBOT may be beneficial in select cases of GPA with genital involvement. Further studies are needed to develop evidence-based guidelines for the management of GPA genital lesions.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1737660</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1737660</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Advancements in the use of enemas for treating urinary calculi]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Min Ling</author><author>Yujie Li</author><author>Liuyang Yang</author><author>Qinqin Song</author><author>Yu Sun</author><author>Chong Zhang</author><author>Yuhao Zhao</author><author>Shuaishuai Song</author><author>Li Xu</author><author>Yang Zhang</author><author>Hongbing Gu</author><author>Shengli Wang</author><author>Qilun Zhang</author><author>Yongfei Yang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Urinary calculi are a prevalent condition within the urinary system, with treatment options ranging from traditional surgical and non-invasive methods to emerging alternative therapies. Recently, enema therapy utilizing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine has gained attention as a non-conventional approach, offering unique advantages in managing urinary stones. Unlike conventional oral or surgical treatments, enema therapy enables direct colonic drug delivery, reduces systemic adverse effects, and may modulate gut microbiota and oxalate metabolism, thereby providing a novel mechanistic basis for stone prevention and expulsion. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the mechanisms, clinical applications, and safety considerations of TCM and Western medicine enema therapies. For the first time, we systematically integrate traditional theoretical frameworks with modern biomedical evidence, including microbiota-mediated oxalate degradation and detailed clinical operation parameters, to highlight the complementary and synergistic effects of combined TCM–Western medicine enemas. By analyzing both their individual and combined effects, this study aims to furnish clinicians with valuable insights to optimize treatment strategies and promote further development of enema therapy for urinary calculi.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1787906</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1787906</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Small cell prostate cancer: risks for metastatic disease]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-10T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Essam Al-Snayyan</author><author>Jamil Qiqieh</author><author>Cameron Peres</author><author>Sharon Tan</author><author>Susan Lyons</author><author>Avery Mendelson</author>
        <description><![CDATA[ObjectiveTo identify clinical and demographic factors associated with the presence and distribution of metastatic disease at diagnosis in patients with small cell carcinoma of the prostate (SCCP).IntroductionSmall cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare but highly aggressive subtype of prostate cancer, frequently presenting with distant metastases and poor survival outcomes. Despite its severity, population-level data examining predictors of metastatic disease at presentation remain limited. Understanding these factors may improve early detection and risk stratification.MethodsA retrospective, cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the SEER 17 registries (2000–2022). Patients with microscopically confirmed SCCP were identified using ICD-O-3 histology code 8041/3 and primary site code C61.9. Demographic, clinical, and metastatic variables were extracted. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate predictors of overall and site-specific metastases. Variables meeting a univariate threshold of p < 0.25 were included in multivariable models. Model assumptions were assessed using VIF, Tolerance, and Box–Tidwell tests.ResultsA total of 541 patients were identified, of whom 71.7% presented with metastatic disease. The most common metastatic sites were bone (35.9%), liver (22.6%), lung (14.0%), and brain (3.9%). On multivariate analysis, a higher percentage of positive biopsy cores was independently associated with increased odds of metastatic disease. Younger age was associated with higher odds of brain metastasis. Lower household income and residence in metropolitan counties were associated with increased likelihood of metastatic disease, particularly bone metastases. Brain metastasis was strongly associated with concurrent liver and lung metastases, suggesting a pattern of widespread systemic involvement.Conclusions/discussionPatients with SCCP frequently present with metastatic disease, and several clinical and socioeconomic factors influence metastatic risk. Higher tumor burden, lower income, metropolitan residence, and younger age were associated with a greater likelihood of metastasis at diagnosis. These findings highlight the importance of early diagnostic evaluation in high-risk groups and provide a foundation for improved prognostication and targeted care strategies in this rare and aggressive malignancy.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1735018</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1735018</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Effect of prior diverse surgical histories on the efficacy and safety of one-stage retrograde intrarenal surgery in patients with renal stone: a retrospective study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-10T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Daocheng Fang</author><author>Dong Mingyuan</author><author>Shuangquan Sun</author><author>Hui Wang</author><author>Hui Wen</author>
        <description><![CDATA[PurposeTo investigate the influence of a history of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and a history of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) on the efficacy and safety of one-stage RIRS in patients with renal stones.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 115 patients with renal stones who underwent one-stage RIRS from January 2022 to June 2025. These patients were divided into three groups: group A (with a history of PCNL) comprising 28 cases, group B (with a history of RIRS) comprising 37 cases, and group C (without a history of urinary stone surgery) comprising 50 cases. The operative time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative increase in serum creatinine levels, complication rate, and stone-free rate (SFR) at 1 week and 4 weeks postoperatively were compared among the three groups. Linear regression was employed to identify independent predictors of operative time, while logistic regression was used to analyze independent factors influencing the stone-free rate at 4 weeks postoperatively and the occurrence of complications.ResultsAll patients in the three groups successfully completed the surgery. The operative time in group A was (61.5 ± 8.9) min, which was significantly longer than that in group B [(53.4 ± 6.3) min] and group C [(51.0 ± 6.7) min] (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the postoperative hospital stay among group A [(2.2 ± 0.8) d], group B [(2.2 ± 0.7) d], and group C [(2.1 ± 0.3) d] (P>0.05). No significant differences were observed in the postoperative increase in serum creatinine levels among group A [(12.23 ± 8.68) μmol/L], Group B [(13.34 ± 9.11) μmol/L], and group C [(12.16 ± 8.38) μmol/L] (P > 0.05). The complication rate was 7.1% in group A, with no significant differences compared to 8.1% in group B and 8.0% in group C (P > 0.05). At 1 week postoperatively, the SFR was 64.2% in group A, with no significant differences compared to 62.2% in group B and 66.0% in group C (P>0.05); at 4 weeks postoperatively, the SFR was 85.7% in group A, with no significant differences compared to 89.2% in group B and 90.0% in group C (P >0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a history of urinary stone surgery was not an independent influencing factor for the SFR at 4 weeks postoperatively or the occurrence of complications (P>0.05).ConclusionA history of PCNL may prolong the operative time of one-stage RIRS, but it has no significant impact on the SFR or complication rate. A history of RIRS has no significant effect on the operative time, stone-free rate, or postoperative complication rate of one-stage RIRS. For patients with renal stones who have previously undergone PCNL or RIRS, one-stage RIRS represents an effective and safe treatment option.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1760748</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1760748</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Hydrocele is a benign pathology, an appearance disorder: no, this may be a common misconception]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-05T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Opinion</category>
        <author>Ayhan Verit</author><author>Mert Verit</author><author>Fatma Ferda Verit</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1727689</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1727689</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Low yield of pathological lymph node metastasis among patients with invasive penile squamous cell carcinoma in the context of high HIV burden: evidence from a prospective cohort study in Zambia]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Victor Mapulanga</author><author>Owen Ngalamika</author><author>Chibamba Mumba</author><author>Zoran Muhimbe</author><author>Curtis A. Pettaway</author><author>Kasonde Bowa</author><author>Edford Sinkala</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionPenile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is common in developing countries such as those in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and has been attributed to a high prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV). Additionally, since the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is high in SSA, and considering that HIV causes reactive lymphadenopathy, this may potentially affect the clinical manifestation, including staging and surgical management, of inguinal lymph nodes in PSCC. Data on surgical staging via inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND) in penile cancer patients from areas of high HIV burden, such as SSA, are scanty. We evaluated the use of ILND as a staging tool to determine the status of inguinal lymph nodes in patients with invasive PSCC in the context of a high HIV burden.MethodsThis was a prospective cross-sectional cohort study of participants recruited between November 2022 and January 2024 at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Patients with surgically resectable PSCC who underwent surgery for both the primary tumor and inguinal lymph nodes simultaneously were recruited into the study. A questionnaire was administered to capture relevant clinical information. The dissected lymph nodes were pathologically analyzed for lymph node number, size, and the presence of metastasis.ResultsForty patients were enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 53 years (SD 10.28). Thirty-five patients (87.5%) were HIV seropositive, with most patients being virologically suppressed at the time of surgery. Thirty-two patients (80%) presented with clinically palpable inguinal lymph nodes (cN+). The yield of pathological lymph node metastasis (LNM) from surgical staging was 37.5% (12/32) among patients with clinically palpable (cN+) inguinal lymph nodes.ConclusionThe study demonstrates a modestly low yield of pathological inguinal lymph node metastasis in patients with clinically palpable nodes in the context of a high HIV burden. Minimally invasive biopsy techniques to assess nodal status should be explored in this setting to reduce the morbidity associated with surgical staging while accurately assessing nodal status.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1713534</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1713534</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Extraplanar ultrasound-guided multi-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a retrospective comparative study in patients with complex nephrolithiasis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Geng-Geng Wei</author><author>Kristine J. S. Kwan</author><author>Yu Yang</author><author>Qing-Shan Yang</author><author>Zhen-Quan Lu</author><author>Lin Xiong</author><author>Xiang Xu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[PurposeThis study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of extraplanar ultrasound (USG) guidance with the conventional technique in multi-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for managing complex renal stones (CRS).Materials and methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 91 patients diagnosed with CRS treated with multi-tract PCNL between May 2017 and December 2020. Patients were divided into the conventional USG group and the extraplanar USG group. Patient demographics and operative characteristics were compared, acknowledging the baseline stone size imbalance as a potential confounder.ResultsFifty-one (56.0%) patients received extraplanar USG-guided PCNL. The median maximum stone diameter in the conventional group was significantly larger (30 vs. 22 mm, p = 0.001). All tracts were established successfully. Despite larger stones, the conventional group had significantly longer operative times (145 vs. 108 min, p = 0.001). No significant difference was observed in stone-free rates (55% vs. 57%). The extraplanar group showed significantly lower postoperative serum creatinine levels (80 vs. 87 μmol/L, p = 0.03) and shorter hospital stays (8 vs. 10 days, p = 0.01). Postoperative fever occurred in four patients in the extraplanar group (8% vs. 0%, p = 0.07).ConclusionsMulti-tract PCNL performed under extraplanar USG guidance is safe and efficacious for CRS management. The technique optimizes the puncture strategy, offering superior operative efficiency and potential nephron preservation despite baseline stone load differences.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1719136</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1719136</link>
        <title><![CDATA[High-risk biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer: identification and early intervention strategies]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-01-29T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Ahmed Hassan Abdelaziz</author><author>Mai Mohamed Ali Ezz El Din</author><author>Emad Hamada</author><author>Mohamed Abdullah</author><author>Hassan Sayed Shaker</author><author>M. Sherif Mourad</author><author>Tarek Osman</author><author>Amr Mohamed Nowier</author><author>Dina Salah Gad</author>
        <description><![CDATA[PurposeBiochemical recurrence (BCR) following primary therapy for prostate cancer (PCa) is associated with disease progression; thus, identifying patients at high risk and implementing management strategies remains critical. This expert opinion outlines a set of recommendations for identifying high-risk BCR patients, provides insights into the impact of a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach on disease management, explores associated costs and resource utilization, and examines the role of androgen receptor signaling pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) in optimizing outcomes.MethodsThe latest evidence and clinical guidelines on risk stratification, diagnostic tools, and collaborative management strategies were evaluated. Additionally, expert opinions were collected from nine oncology and urology experts, and their insights were integrated to form a comprehensive approach tailored for clinical application.ResultsThe panelists reached agreement on several proposed questions, including patients’ early detection, risk stratification, early management, and the role of ARPIs and androgen deprivation therapies (ADT). The recommendations emphasize the need for standardized identification of high-risk BCR patients, treatment protocols, and early intervention strategies. Additionally, the multidisciplinary approach facilitates personalized treatment planning, leveraging various specialties’ expertise, and addresses the complexity of resource utilization and cost management. However, a lack of agreement on other topics was observed, such as optimal timing of intervention and resource allocation strategies.ConclusionThis narrative, evidence-supported expert-opinion review highlights the importance of standardized protocols, multidisciplinary strategies, and the integration of advanced diagnostics and androgen receptor pathway inhibitors to improve patient outcomes. Further research is warranted to refine predictive models, optimize resource allocation, and enhance therapeutic efficacy.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1776078</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fruro.2026.1776078</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: Advances in pharmacological treatments for urogenital disorders]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-01-29T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>Xiaolong Wang</author><author>Peng Wang</author><author>Qingfeng Yu</author>
        <description></description>
      </item>
      </channel>
    </rss>